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Abstract：
UNASSIGNED: This study aimed to summarize the clinical features, treatment modalities, therapeutic effects, menstruation and fertility outcomes, and prognosis of extragonadal yolk sac tumors (YSTs) of the female genital tract.
UNASSIGNED: We reviewed 32 cases of extragonadal YSTs in the genital tract treated between 1983 and 2021. The medical records, including clinical characteristics, histopathology, treatments, chemo-reduced adverse events, and outcomes on long-term follow-up, were collected.
UNASSIGNED: Among the 32 cases, 30 were vaginal YSTs and two were uterine YSTs (endometrial and cervical). Thirty patients (30/32, 93.8%) were <4 years. Abnormal vaginal bleeding (n = 31) and elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein level (n = 32) were the most common presentations. Vaginohysteroscopy and/or pediatric rhinoscopy were used for diagnosis in 17 pediatric patients and evaluation of chemotherapeutic efficacy in 21 pediatric patients. All the patients received combination chemotherapy. Bleomycin/etoposide/cisplatin (BEP) was chosen with prior consideration in 28 cases; 21 patients were treated with BEP alone. Yellow or grayish-yellow tissue with irregular shape was found in 66.7% of the cases during repeat examinations. Five patients underwent surgeries during repeat examinations and follow-ups, and no evidence of malignancy was noted in them. Thirty-one patients achieved complete remission. During a median follow-up of 63 months (2.4-240.3 months), two patients experienced recurrence, three died, and 29 remained disease-free. One patient recovered menstruation and five had undergone menarche.
UNASSIGNED: BEP chemotherapy can serve as a preferred treatment modality for vaginal and uterine YSTs. Vaginohysteroscopy and pediatric rhinoscopy can be used for diagnosis and evaluation of chemotherapeutic efficacy in pediatric patients. YSTs possibly appear as yellow or grayish-yellow after chemotherapy.
UNASSIGNED: We reviewed 32 cases of extragonadal YSTs in the genital tract treated between 1983 and 2021. The medical records, including clinical characteristics, histopathology, treatments, chemo-reduced adverse events, and outcomes on long-term follow-up, were collected.
UNASSIGNED: Among the 32 cases, 30 were vaginal YSTs and two were uterine YSTs (endometrial and cervical). Thirty patients (30/32, 93.8%) were <4 years. Abnormal vaginal bleeding (n = 31) and elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein level (n = 32) were the most common presentations. Vaginohysteroscopy and/or pediatric rhinoscopy were used for diagnosis in 17 pediatric patients and evaluation of chemotherapeutic efficacy in 21 pediatric patients. All the patients received combination chemotherapy. Bleomycin/etoposide/cisplatin (BEP) was chosen with prior consideration in 28 cases; 21 patients were treated with BEP alone. Yellow or grayish-yellow tissue with irregular shape was found in 66.7% of the cases during repeat examinations. Five patients underwent surgeries during repeat examinations and follow-ups, and no evidence of malignancy was noted in them. Thirty-one patients achieved complete remission. During a median follow-up of 63 months (2.4-240.3 months), two patients experienced recurrence, three died, and 29 remained disease-free. One patient recovered menstruation and five had undergone menarche.
UNASSIGNED: BEP chemotherapy can serve as a preferred treatment modality for vaginal and uterine YSTs. Vaginohysteroscopy and pediatric rhinoscopy can be used for diagnosis and evaluation of chemotherapeutic efficacy in pediatric patients. YSTs possibly appear as yellow or grayish-yellow after chemotherapy.
摘要：
未经批准：本研究旨在总结临床特征，治疗方式，治疗效果,月经和生育结果，女性生殖道性腺外卵黄囊瘤（YSTs）的预后。
UNASSIGNED：我们回顾了1983年至2021年间治疗的生殖道性腺外YSTs32例。医疗记录,包括临床特征，组织病理学,治疗,化疗减少的不良事件，以及长期随访的结果，被收集。
未经评估：在32例病例中，30个是阴道YSTs,两个是子宫YSTs(子宫内膜和宫颈)。30例患者（30/32，93.8%）<4年。异常阴道出血（n=31）和血清甲胎蛋白水平升高（n=32）是最常见的表现。对17例儿科患者进行了阴道宫腔镜和/或小儿鼻镜检查，并对21例儿科患者进行了化疗疗效评估。所有患者均接受联合化疗。在28例中，事先考虑选择了博来霉素/依托泊苷/顺铂（BEP）；21例患者仅接受BEP治疗。在重复检查中，有66.7％的病例发现黄色或灰黄色组织，形状不规则。五名患者在重复检查和随访期间接受了手术，他们没有发现恶性肿瘤的证据。31例患者完全缓解。在63个月（2.4-240.3个月）的中位随访期间，两名患者复发，三人死亡,29人保持无病。一名患者月经恢复，五名患者月经初潮。
未经批准：BEP化疗可作为阴道和子宫YSTs的首选治疗方式。阴道宫腔镜和小儿鼻镜可用于诊断和评估小儿患者的化疗疗效。化疗后YST可能出现黄色或灰黄色。
UNASSIGNED：我们回顾了1983年至2021年间治疗的生殖道性腺外YSTs32例。医疗记录,包括临床特征，组织病理学,治疗,化疗减少的不良事件，以及长期随访的结果，被收集。
未经评估：在32例病例中，30个是阴道YSTs,两个是子宫YSTs(子宫内膜和宫颈)。30例患者（30/32，93.8%）<4年。异常阴道出血（n=31）和血清甲胎蛋白水平升高（n=32）是最常见的表现。对17例儿科患者进行了阴道宫腔镜和/或小儿鼻镜检查，并对21例儿科患者进行了化疗疗效评估。所有患者均接受联合化疗。在28例中，事先考虑选择了博来霉素/依托泊苷/顺铂（BEP）；21例患者仅接受BEP治疗。在重复检查中，有66.7％的病例发现黄色或灰黄色组织，形状不规则。五名患者在重复检查和随访期间接受了手术，他们没有发现恶性肿瘤的证据。31例患者完全缓解。在63个月（2.4-240.3个月）的中位随访期间，两名患者复发，三人死亡,29人保持无病。一名患者月经恢复，五名患者月经初潮。
未经批准：BEP化疗可作为阴道和子宫YSTs的首选治疗方式。阴道宫腔镜和小儿鼻镜可用于诊断和评估小儿患者的化疗疗效。化疗后YST可能出现黄色或灰黄色。
