PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum are closely related intracellular protozoan parasites of medical and veterinary concern by causing abortions and systemic illness. Limited or ambiguous data on the prevalence of T. gondii and N. caninum in camels triggered us to conduct this study.
Camels (n = 460) recently imported from Sudan and destined mainly for human consumption, were tested for specific antibodies against these protozoans using commercially available ELISAs. From the two only quarantine stations for camels from Sudan, 368 camels were sampled between November 2015 and March 2016 in Shalateen, Red Sea governorate, and 92 samples were collected between September 2018 and March 2021 from Abu Simbel, Aswan governorate.
Overall, seropositive rates in camels were 25.7%, 3.9% and 0.8% for T. gondii, N. caninum and mixed infection, respectively. However, marked differences were found between the two study sites and/or the two sampling periods: For T. gondii, a higher rate of infection was recorded in the Red Sea samples (31.5%, 116/368; odds ratio 20.7, 5.0-85.6; P<0.0001) than in those collected in Aswan (2.2%, 2/92). The opposite was found for N. caninum with a lower rate of infection in the Red Sea samples (0.82%, 3/368; odds ratio 23.7, 6.7-83.9; P<0.0001) than in the samples from Aswan (16.3%, 15/92). Additionally, our systematic review revealed that the overall published seroprevalence of T. gondii and N. caninum was 28.6% and 14.3% in camels worldwide, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this study provides the first record of seroprevalence of both T. gondii and N. caninum in recently imported camels kept under quarantine conditions before delivery to other Egyptian cities and regions. In addition, our review provides inclusive data on the prevalence of T. gondii and N. caninum in camel globally. This knowledge provides basic data for the implementation of strategies and control measures against neosporosis and toxoplasmosis.
Camels (n = 460) recently imported from Sudan and destined mainly for human consumption, were tested for specific antibodies against these protozoans using commercially available ELISAs. From the two only quarantine stations for camels from Sudan, 368 camels were sampled between November 2015 and March 2016 in Shalateen, Red Sea governorate, and 92 samples were collected between September 2018 and March 2021 from Abu Simbel, Aswan governorate.
Overall, seropositive rates in camels were 25.7%, 3.9% and 0.8% for T. gondii, N. caninum and mixed infection, respectively. However, marked differences were found between the two study sites and/or the two sampling periods: For T. gondii, a higher rate of infection was recorded in the Red Sea samples (31.5%, 116/368; odds ratio 20.7, 5.0-85.6; P<0.0001) than in those collected in Aswan (2.2%, 2/92). The opposite was found for N. caninum with a lower rate of infection in the Red Sea samples (0.82%, 3/368; odds ratio 23.7, 6.7-83.9; P<0.0001) than in the samples from Aswan (16.3%, 15/92). Additionally, our systematic review revealed that the overall published seroprevalence of T. gondii and N. caninum was 28.6% and 14.3% in camels worldwide, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this study provides the first record of seroprevalence of both T. gondii and N. caninum in recently imported camels kept under quarantine conditions before delivery to other Egyptian cities and regions. In addition, our review provides inclusive data on the prevalence of T. gondii and N. caninum in camel globally. This knowledge provides basic data for the implementation of strategies and control measures against neosporosis and toxoplasmosis.
摘要：
弓形虫和犬新孢子虫是引起流产和全身性疾病的医学和兽医关注的密切相关的细胞内原生动物寄生虫。关于骆驼中弓形虫和犬硝虫患病率的有限或模棱两可的数据促使我们进行这项研究。
骆驼（n=460）最近从苏丹进口，主要用于人类消费，使用市售ELISA测试了针对这些原生动物的特异性抗体。从苏丹唯一的两个骆驼检疫站，2015年11月至2016年3月在Shalateen抽取了368只骆驼，红海省,在2018年9月至2021年3月之间从阿布辛贝尔收集了92个样本，阿斯旺省。
总的来说，骆驼血清阳性率为25.7%,弓形虫3.9%和0.8%，N.caninum和混合感染，分别。然而,在两个研究地点和/或两个采样期之间发现了明显的差异：对于弓形虫，在红海样本中记录到更高的感染率(31.5%，116/368；赔率比20.7，5.0-85.6；P<0.0001）比在阿斯旺收集的那些（2.2％，2/92).对于在红海样本中感染率较低的犬奈瑟菌发现相反的情况(0.82%，3/368；比值比23.7，6.7-83.9；P<0.0001）比来自阿斯旺的样本（16.3％，15/92).此外,我们的系统评价显示，全球骆驼中弓形虫和犬奈瑟菌的总体血清阳性率分别为28.6%和14.3%，分别。据我们所知,这项研究首次记录了最近进口的骆驼中弓形虫和N.caninum的血清阳性率，这些骆驼在运送到埃及其他城市和地区之前都处于检疫条件下。此外,我们的综述提供了全球骆驼弓形虫和犬奈瑟菌患病率的包容性数据.这些知识为实施新孢子虫病和弓形虫病的策略和控制措施提供了基础数据。
骆驼（n=460）最近从苏丹进口，主要用于人类消费，使用市售ELISA测试了针对这些原生动物的特异性抗体。从苏丹唯一的两个骆驼检疫站，2015年11月至2016年3月在Shalateen抽取了368只骆驼，红海省,在2018年9月至2021年3月之间从阿布辛贝尔收集了92个样本，阿斯旺省。
总的来说，骆驼血清阳性率为25.7%,弓形虫3.9%和0.8%，N.caninum和混合感染，分别。然而,在两个研究地点和/或两个采样期之间发现了明显的差异：对于弓形虫，在红海样本中记录到更高的感染率(31.5%，116/368；赔率比20.7，5.0-85.6；P<0.0001）比在阿斯旺收集的那些（2.2％，2/92).对于在红海样本中感染率较低的犬奈瑟菌发现相反的情况(0.82%，3/368；比值比23.7，6.7-83.9；P<0.0001）比来自阿斯旺的样本（16.3％，15/92).此外,我们的系统评价显示，全球骆驼中弓形虫和犬奈瑟菌的总体血清阳性率分别为28.6%和14.3%，分别。据我们所知,这项研究首次记录了最近进口的骆驼中弓形虫和N.caninum的血清阳性率，这些骆驼在运送到埃及其他城市和地区之前都处于检疫条件下。此外,我们的综述提供了全球骆驼弓形虫和犬奈瑟菌患病率的包容性数据.这些知识为实施新孢子虫病和弓形虫病的策略和控制措施提供了基础数据。
