PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Saussurea is one of the most species-rich genera in the Cardueae, Asteraceae. There are approximately 40 Saussurea species distributed in Korea, with nearly 40% of them endemics. Infrageneric relationships remain uncertain due to insufficient resolutions and low statistical support. In this study, we sequenced the plastid genomes of five Korean endemic Saussurea (S. albifolia, S. calcicola, S. diamantica, S. grandicapitula, and S. seoulensis), and comparative analyses including two other endemics (S. chabyoungsanica and S. polylepis) were conducted.
RESULTS: The plastomes of Korean endemics were highly conserved in gene content, order, and numbers. Exceptionally, S. diamantica had mitochondrial DNA sequences including two tRNAs in SSC region. There were no significant differences of the type and numbers of SSRs among the seven Korean endemics except in S. seoulensis. Nine mutation hotspots with high nucleotide diversity value (Pi > 0.0033) were identified, and phylogenetic analysis suggested that those Korean endemic species most likely evolved several times from diverse lineages within the genus. Moreover, molecular dating estimated that the Korean endemic species diverged since the late Miocene.
CONCLUSIONS: This study provides insight into understanding the plastome evolution and evolutionary relationships of highly complex species of Saussurea in Korean peninsula.
RESULTS: The plastomes of Korean endemics were highly conserved in gene content, order, and numbers. Exceptionally, S. diamantica had mitochondrial DNA sequences including two tRNAs in SSC region. There were no significant differences of the type and numbers of SSRs among the seven Korean endemics except in S. seoulensis. Nine mutation hotspots with high nucleotide diversity value (Pi > 0.0033) were identified, and phylogenetic analysis suggested that those Korean endemic species most likely evolved several times from diverse lineages within the genus. Moreover, molecular dating estimated that the Korean endemic species diverged since the late Miocene.
CONCLUSIONS: This study provides insight into understanding the plastome evolution and evolutionary relationships of highly complex species of Saussurea in Korean peninsula.
摘要：
背景：雪莲属是Cardueae中物种最丰富的属之一，菊科.韩国大约有40种雪莲，其中近40%是地方病。由于分辨率不足和统计支持不足，内部关系仍然不确定。在这项研究中,我们对五种韩国特有雪莲的质体基因组进行了测序(S.Albifolia,S.calcicola，S.Diamantica，S.grandicapitula,和S.Seoulensis)，以及包括其他两个地方病的比较分析(S.进行了chabyoungsanica和S.polylepis）。
结果：韩国地方病的质体在基因含量上高度保守，订单,和数字。例外地,S.diamantica具有线粒体DNA序列，包括SSC区域的两个tRNA。除南方链球菌外，韩国7种地方病中SSR的类型和数量没有显着差异。鉴定出9个具有高核苷酸多样性值(Pi>0.0033)的突变热点,系统发育分析表明，这些韩国特有物种最有可能从该属的不同谱系进化了几次。此外，分子测年估计，韩国特有物种自上新世晚期开始分化。
结论：这项研究提供了深入了解朝鲜半岛雪莲高度复杂物种的质体进化和进化关系的见解。
结果：韩国地方病的质体在基因含量上高度保守，订单,和数字。例外地,S.diamantica具有线粒体DNA序列，包括SSC区域的两个tRNA。除南方链球菌外，韩国7种地方病中SSR的类型和数量没有显着差异。鉴定出9个具有高核苷酸多样性值(Pi>0.0033)的突变热点,系统发育分析表明，这些韩国特有物种最有可能从该属的不同谱系进化了几次。此外，分子测年估计，韩国特有物种自上新世晚期开始分化。
结论：这项研究提供了深入了解朝鲜半岛雪莲高度复杂物种的质体进化和进化关系的见解。
