Abstract：
Infections are becoming more difficult to treat, at least partly on account of microbes that produce biofilms. Reports suggest that decreased levels of antimicrobial peptides like cathelicidin, elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines, and biofilm formation are all associated with vitamin D deficiency, making vitamin D - deficient individuals more susceptible to infection. Infections attributable to biofilm-producing microbes can be managed by adjuvant therapy with vitamin D because of its immunomodulatory role, particularly because of the ability of vitamin D-pathway to induce the antimicrobial peptides like cathelicidin and decrease proinflammatory cytokines.
This narrative review covers biofilm formation, infections associated with biofilm due to vitamin D deficiency, putative role of vitamin D in host protection and the effect of vitamin D supplementation in biofilm-associated infections. A comprehensive literature search in PubMed and Google Scholar utilizing suitable keywords at multiple time points extracted relevant articles.
Although vitamin D deficiency has been associated with infections by biofilm producing microbes, comprehensive clinical trials in various ethnicities are required to understand the likely relationships between vitamin D receptor gene expression, cathelicidin levels, and infection outcome. Current evidence hypothesizes that maintaining normal vitamin D level can help prevent and treat these infections.
This narrative review covers biofilm formation, infections associated with biofilm due to vitamin D deficiency, putative role of vitamin D in host protection and the effect of vitamin D supplementation in biofilm-associated infections. A comprehensive literature search in PubMed and Google Scholar utilizing suitable keywords at multiple time points extracted relevant articles.
Although vitamin D deficiency has been associated with infections by biofilm producing microbes, comprehensive clinical trials in various ethnicities are required to understand the likely relationships between vitamin D receptor gene expression, cathelicidin levels, and infection outcome. Current evidence hypothesizes that maintaining normal vitamin D level can help prevent and treat these infections.
摘要：
未经证实：感染变得越来越难以治疗，至少部分是由于产生生物膜的微生物。报告表明，抗菌肽如cathelicidin的水平降低，炎症细胞因子水平升高，生物膜的形成都与维生素D缺乏有关,使缺乏维生素D的个体更容易感染。由于维生素D的免疫调节作用，可通过维生素D的辅助治疗来控制由生物膜产生的微生物引起的感染，特别是因为维生素D途径能够诱导抗菌肽如cathelicidin和减少促炎细胞因子。
未经评估：这篇叙述性综述涵盖了生物膜的形成，与维生素D缺乏导致的生物膜相关的感染，维生素D在宿主保护中的作用以及补充维生素D在生物膜相关感染中的作用。在PubMed和GoogleScholar中进行全面的文献检索，在多个时间点利用合适的关键字提取了相关文章。
未经证实：尽管维生素D缺乏与由生物膜产生的微生物引起的感染有关，需要在不同种族进行全面的临床试验，以了解维生素D受体基因表达之间可能的关系，cathelicidin水平，和感染结果。目前的证据假设维持正常的维生素D水平可以帮助预防和治疗这些感染。
未经评估：这篇叙述性综述涵盖了生物膜的形成，与维生素D缺乏导致的生物膜相关的感染，维生素D在宿主保护中的作用以及补充维生素D在生物膜相关感染中的作用。在PubMed和GoogleScholar中进行全面的文献检索，在多个时间点利用合适的关键字提取了相关文章。
未经证实：尽管维生素D缺乏与由生物膜产生的微生物引起的感染有关，需要在不同种族进行全面的临床试验，以了解维生素D受体基因表达之间可能的关系，cathelicidin水平，和感染结果。目前的证据假设维持正常的维生素D水平可以帮助预防和治疗这些感染。
