关键词: atrial ganglionated plexus autonomic dysfunction heart rate variability heart transplantation immunohistochemical study parasympathetic denervation unilateral vagotomy

来  源:   DOI:10.3390/jcdd9110391

Abstract:
Cardiac denervation is a serious problem in a number of patients, including patients after heart transplantation. The status of the parasympathetic ganglia after crossing the preganglionic fibers of the vagus nerve has not been enough studied. The aim of our study was to assess the effect of physical training on the morphological parameters of the parasympathetic atrial ganglia and autonomic regulation of heart rate after right- and left-sided vagotomy in rats. Morphometric characteristics of the right atrial ganglia were evaluated using an immunohistochemical method after a study that included a three-time assessment of heart rate variability. It was found that right-sided vagotomy leads to both an increase in the volume of ganglion and autonomic dysfunction. No significant change in the number of nerve cells was found in animals with false and left-sided vagotomy while maintaining preganglionic innervation after the physical training, whereas exercises led to a decrease in the volume of nerve tissue of rats with right-sided denervation. It was also found that in animals with preserved vagal innervation, the volume of atrial ganglion tissue correlates with overall heart rate variability and a normalized parasympathetic component. Therefore, a positive effect from regular physical activity on parasympathetic regulation can be expected only if preganglionic vagal influence is preserved.
摘要:
心脏去神经支配在许多患者中是一个严重的问题,包括心脏移植后的患者。穿过迷走神经节前纤维后副交感神经节的状态尚未得到足够的研究。我们研究的目的是评估体能训练对大鼠右侧和左侧迷走神经切断术后副交感神经心房神经节形态参数和心率自主神经调节的影响。在一项包括对心率变异性进行三次评估的研究后,使用免疫组织化学方法评估了右心房神经节的形态测量特征。发现右侧迷走神经切断术会导致神经节体积增加和自主神经功能障碍。在体能训练后保持节前神经支配的同时,假和左侧迷走神经切断术的动物中,神经细胞数量没有发现明显变化。而运动导致右侧神经支配大鼠的神经组织体积减少。还发现,在迷走神经支配得到保留的动物中,心房神经节组织的体积与总体心率变异性和正常的副交感神经成分相关。因此,只有保留节前迷走神经的影响,规律的体力活动对副交感神经调节的积极作用才是可以预期的。
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