Abstract：
Alcohol is often found in the blood of the deceased. To cover up the true cause of victim\'s death, postmortem instillation of alcohol occurs in some criminal cases. Explaining the finding of alcohol is extremely vital in forensic practice. This study aims to evaluate whether ethyl glucuronide (EtG) and ethyl sulfate (EtS) in blood and vitreous humor (VH) can be used to distinguish alcoholic death and postmortem alcohol instillation. Saline or 12.6 g/kg ethanol (antemortem alcohol poisoning group) was introduced into rabbits\' stomachs 2 h before sacrificed. Same amount of ethanol was introduced into rabbits\' stomachs at 0 h, 0.5 h, 1 h and 2 h after death in four subgroups of postmortem alcohol instillation group, respectively. Cardiac blood and VH were collected at 10 min, 4 h, 10 h and 24 h after death in blank and antemortem alcohol poisoning group, and after instillation of alcohol in postmortem alcohol instillation group. Blood was also collected at 34 h. Ethanol and EtG levels in blood and VH and EtS in VH in antemortem alcohol poisoning group were overlapped with those in postmortem alcohol instillation group. The contents of EtG and EtS in blood in antemortem alcohol poisoning group (mean ≥ 7.833 μg/mL for EtG and ≥ 19.990 μg/mL for EtS) were much higher than those in postmortem alcohol instillation group (mean ≤ 0.118 μg/mL for EtG and ≤ 0.091 μg/mL for EtS), but apparent decomposition was observed in EtG, which might lead to misinterpretation. Blood EtS showed better stability and could be used to distinguish alcoholic death and postmortem alcohol instillation.
摘要：
酒精通常存在于死者的血液中。掩盖受害者死亡的真正原因，在一些刑事案件中，验尸后滴注酒精。解释酒精的发现在法医实践中非常重要。这项研究旨在评估血液和玻璃体液（VH）中的葡萄糖醛酸乙酯（EtG）和硫酸乙酯（EtS）是否可用于区分酒精死亡和死后酒精滴注。处死前2小时，将盐水或12.6g/kg乙醇（死前酒精中毒组）引入家兔胃中。在0h时将相同量的乙醇引入兔子的胃中，0.5h,死后酒精滴注组四个亚组死亡后1小时和2小时，分别。在10分钟时收集心脏血液和VH，4h,空白和死前酒精中毒组死亡后10h和24h，以及死后酒精滴注组的酒精滴注后。还在34小时收集血液。死前酒精中毒组血液中的乙醇和EtG水平以及VH中的VH和EtS与死后酒精滴注组重叠。死前酒精中毒组血液中EtG和EtS的含量（EtG的平均值≥7.833μg/mL，EtS的平均值≥19.990μg/mL）远高于死后酒精滴注组（EtG的平均值≤0.118μg/mL，EtS的平均值≤0.091μg/mL），但在EtG中观察到明显的分解，这可能会导致误解。血液EtS显示出更好的稳定性，可用于区分酒精死亡和死后酒精滴注。
