PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an intricate process in which the chemical balance and physical structure of the brain are altered. This medical condition\'s effects range from altered mental status to an irreversible comatose state, and in severe cases even death. TBI affects millions of individuals worldwide on an annual basis. In the United States, approximately 2.87 million TBI-related emergency department (ED) visits were reported in 2014, and nearly 43% of these cases will experience long-term disabilities. These disabilities have both short- and long-term consequences on health, ranging from physical, emotional, and psychosocial changes in an individual. The goal of this case report is to highlight the morbidity of patients with TBI, with a key focus on TBI-induced secondary psychosis. While many patients recover from their symptoms of TBI within weeks to months, a subdivision of patients with TBI has permanent damage that will significantly affect the quality of their daily lives. TBI-induced secondary psychosis is the new onset of psychosis that can comprise visual, auditory, and tactile hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thoughts. In this case report, the patient is a 22-year-old African American male who suffered a TBI at the age of 16. Prior to the patient\'s TBI sustained in 2016, the patient did not have a hospital record of past psychiatric illness. In addition, the patient\'s family history did not show evidence of schizophrenia, bipolar, or depression in close or distant relatives. The patient presented to the ED for a psychiatric evaluation due to psychotic behavior. In this case report, we will discuss the pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and other secondary causes of TBI-induced secondary psychosis.
摘要：
创伤性脑损伤（TBI）是一个复杂的过程，其中大脑的化学平衡和物理结构发生变化。这种疾病的影响范围从精神状态改变到不可逆转的昏迷状态，在严重的情况下甚至死亡。TBI每年影响全球数百万人。在美国,2014年报告了约287万例与TBI相关的急诊科(ED)就诊,其中近43%的病例将经历长期残疾.这些残疾对健康有短期和长期的影响，从物理的，情感,和个人的社会心理变化。本病例报告的目的是强调TBI患者的发病率，重点关注TBI引起的继发性精神病。虽然许多患者在几周到几个月内从TBI症状中恢复，一个细分的TBI患者具有永久性损伤,这将显著影响他们的日常生活质量.TBI引起的继发性精神病是新的精神病发作，可以包括视觉，听觉,和触觉幻觉，妄想,和杂乱无章的思想。在这个案例报告中,患者是一名22岁的非裔美国男性，他在16岁时患有TBI。在患者的TBI在2016年持续之前，患者没有过去精神疾病的医院记录。此外,患者的家族史没有显示精神分裂症的证据，双极,或近亲或远亲的抑郁症。由于精神病行为，患者向ED进行了精神病学评估。在这个案例报告中,我们将讨论发病机理，临床表现,和TBI引起的继发性精神病的其他次要原因。
