PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Bell\'s palsy, also known as \"acute facial palsy of unknown cause\", is a common cranial neuropathy leading to facial muscle paresis or complete paralysis characteristically on one side, occurring suddenly and may progress over 48 hours. It results from facial nerve dysfunction due to trauma or inflammation of the 7th cranial nerve or facial nerve or its branches along its course, primarily in the bony canal. Both sexes are equally affected, and though no age is immune, its incidence rises with increasing age. The risk is high in diabetics, hypertensives, women who are pregnant, obese, and people with upper respiratory tract infections. It is considered chiefly idiopathic and is diagnosed by the exclusion of other causes. Bell\'s palsy can cause physical and psychological complications and negatively impact patients and their relatives. Thus, early diagnosis and quick cause determination are prime roles in proper treatment. However, the exact etiology of Bell\'s palsy is unknown, affecting its treatment. Still, determining probable causative and risk factors is critical for employing a targeted treatment approach and requires a comprehensive examination and a complete history. Although the majority of patients recover spontaneously in less than three weeks even if they are not treated. But there is always a risk of residual paresis after treatment or recovery, which may require medical help. This review aims to furnish the most thorough understanding of Bell\'s palsy, focusing on anatomy, etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, clinical consequences,and preferred therapy approaches.
摘要：
贝尔麻痹，又称“不明原因急性面神经麻痹”，是一种常见的颅神经病，导致面部肌肉麻痹或一侧完全瘫痪，突然发生，并可能在48小时内进展。它是由于第7颅神经或面神经或其分支的创伤或炎症引起的面神经功能障碍，主要在骨运河里。两性同样受到影响，虽然没有年龄是免疫的，其发病率随着年龄的增长而上升。糖尿病患者的风险很高，高血压患者,怀孕的女人，肥胖，和上呼吸道感染的人。它主要被认为是特发性的，并通过排除其他原因来诊断。贝尔氏麻痹可引起生理和心理并发症，并对患者及其亲属产生负面影响。因此，早期诊断和快速确定病因是正确治疗的首要作用。然而,贝尔氏麻痹的确切病因尚不清楚,影响其治疗。尽管如此，确定可能的病因和危险因素对于采用有针对性的治疗方法至关重要,并且需要全面的检查和完整的病史.尽管大多数患者在不到三周的时间内自发恢复，即使他们不接受治疗。但治疗或康复后总会有残留轻瘫的风险，这可能需要医疗帮助。这篇综述旨在提供对贝尔麻痹最透彻的理解，专注于解剖学，病因学,临床特征,诊断,临床后果，和首选的治疗方法。
