PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Praziquantel (PZQ) has been extensively used as the drug of choice for the treatment of schistosomiasis on account of its safety and effectiveness against all major forms of schistosomiasis. However, low cure rate, reduced susceptibility of Schistosoma mansoni to PZQ and treatment failures in S. haematobium infections have been reported, raising concerns about its efficacy. Using the search terms, \'praziquantel efficacy, schistosomiasis, school children, reinfection\' as well as defined inclusion criteria, and guided by the PRISMA guidelines, articles from 2001 to 2022 were selected from the PubMed and Google Scholar databases and reviewed to assess their importance to the research question. This review assessed the efficacy of PZQ against schistosomiasis and reinfection rates following treatment of Schistosoma infections in children. Majority of both intestinal and urinary schistosomiasis studies reported comparable egg reduction rates (ERRs) of 94.2% to 99.9% and 91.9% to 98%, respectively. However, ERRs suggestive of sub-optimal PZQ efficacy as well as generally high and comparable cure rates for intestinal (81.2%-99.1%) and urinary (79%-93.7%) schistosomiasis studies were reported. Schistosomiasis reinfection rates varied widely for urinary (8.1%-39.6%) and intestinal (13.9%-63.4%) studies within eight to 28 weeks following PZQ treatment. Praziquantel treatment of urinary and intestinal schistosomiasis should be accompanied by the provision of potable water, toilet, and recreational facilities to reduce reinfection and egg reduction rates and increase cure rate to expedite schistosomiasis elimination.
摘要：
吡喹酮（PZQ）由于其对所有主要形式的血吸虫病的安全性和有效性，已被广泛用作治疗血吸虫病的首选药物。然而,治愈率低，据报道，曼氏血吸虫对PZQ的易感性降低，并且在血吸虫感染中治疗失败，引起人们对其功效的担忧。使用搜索词，\'吡喹酮的功效,血吸虫病,学童,再感染以及定义的纳入标准，在PRISMA准则的指导下，2001年至2022年的文章是从PubMed和GoogleScholar数据库中选择的，并进行了审查，以评估它们对研究问题的重要性。这篇综述评估了PZQ对血吸虫病的疗效以及治疗儿童血吸虫感染后的再感染率。大多数肠道和泌尿血吸虫病研究报告了94.2％至99.9％和91.9％至98％的类似卵子减少率（ERRs）。分别。然而,据报道，ERRs提示PZQ疗效欠佳，肠道（81.2％-99.1％）和尿液（79％-93.7％）血吸虫病研究的治愈率普遍较高且相当。在PZQ治疗后的8至28周内，尿液（8.1％-39.6％）和肠道（13.9％-63.4％）研究的血吸虫病再感染率差异很大。吡喹酮治疗泌尿和肠道血吸虫病应同时提供饮用水，厕所,和娱乐设施，以减少再感染和减卵率，并提高治愈率，以加快消除血吸虫病。
