Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Acanthamoeba is one of the opportunistic parasites with a global prevalence. Currently, due to the side effects and the emergence of drug resistance to this parasite, much research has been performed on the use of nano-drugs to treat Acanthamoeba-caused diseases. Therefore, this systematic review study aims to evaluate new strategies for treating diseases caused by Acanthamoeba based on nanoparticles (NPs).
METHODS: We designed a systematic review based on the articles published in English between 2000 and 2022. Our search strategy was based on syntax and specific tags for each database, including ScienceDirect, PubMed, Scopus, Ovid, and Cochrane. From the articles, those that had inclusion criteria were selected, and their data were extracted and analyzed.
RESULTS: In this study, 26 studies were selected. Metallic nanoparticles were mostly used against the Acanthamoeba species (80.7%). 19.2% of the studies used polymeric nanoparticles, and 3.8% used emulsion nanoparticles. Most studies (96.1%) were performed in vitro, and only one study (3.8%) was carried out in vivo. Silver NPs were the most used metallic nanoparticles in the studies. The best effect of the anti-Acanthamoeba compound was observed for green synthesized nanoparticles based on stabilization by plant gums, loaded with citrus fruits flavonoids hesperidin (HDN) and naringin (NRG) with a 100% growth inhibition at a concentration of 50 μg/mL.
CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that chlorhexidine and other plant metabolites loaded with silver and gold nanoparticles increase the anti-Acanthambae activity of these nanoparticles. However, green synthesized nanoparticles based on stabilization by plant gums, loaded with citrus fruits flavonoids hesperidin (HDN) and naringin (NRG), showed the best anti-Acanthambae effect. Nevertheless, further studies should be performed to determine their safety for human use.
METHODS: We designed a systematic review based on the articles published in English between 2000 and 2022. Our search strategy was based on syntax and specific tags for each database, including ScienceDirect, PubMed, Scopus, Ovid, and Cochrane. From the articles, those that had inclusion criteria were selected, and their data were extracted and analyzed.
RESULTS: In this study, 26 studies were selected. Metallic nanoparticles were mostly used against the Acanthamoeba species (80.7%). 19.2% of the studies used polymeric nanoparticles, and 3.8% used emulsion nanoparticles. Most studies (96.1%) were performed in vitro, and only one study (3.8%) was carried out in vivo. Silver NPs were the most used metallic nanoparticles in the studies. The best effect of the anti-Acanthamoeba compound was observed for green synthesized nanoparticles based on stabilization by plant gums, loaded with citrus fruits flavonoids hesperidin (HDN) and naringin (NRG) with a 100% growth inhibition at a concentration of 50 μg/mL.
CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that chlorhexidine and other plant metabolites loaded with silver and gold nanoparticles increase the anti-Acanthambae activity of these nanoparticles. However, green synthesized nanoparticles based on stabilization by plant gums, loaded with citrus fruits flavonoids hesperidin (HDN) and naringin (NRG), showed the best anti-Acanthambae effect. Nevertheless, further studies should be performed to determine their safety for human use.
摘要：
背景：棘阿米巴是全球流行的机会性寄生虫之一。目前,由于这种寄生虫的副作用和耐药性的出现，已经对使用纳米药物治疗棘阿米巴引起的疾病进行了大量研究。因此,本系统综述研究旨在评价基于纳米颗粒(NPs)的棘阿米巴疾病治疗新策略.
方法：我们根据2000年至2022年之间以英文发表的文章设计了系统的综述。我们的搜索策略基于每个数据库的语法和特定标签，包括ScienceDirect,PubMed,Scopus,奥维德,还有Cochrane.从文章中，选择了那些有入选标准的人，并对其数据进行了提取和分析。
结果：在这项研究中，选择了26项研究。金属纳米颗粒主要用于对抗棘阿米巴物种(80.7%)。19.2%的研究使用聚合物纳米粒子，和3.8%使用乳液纳米颗粒。大多数研究（96.1%）在体外进行，只有一项研究（3.8％）在体内进行。银NP是研究中使用最多的金属纳米颗粒。基于植物胶的稳定性，观察到抗棘阿米巴化合物对绿色合成纳米颗粒的最佳效果，加载柑橘类水果黄酮橙皮苷（HDN）和柚皮苷（NRG），浓度为50μg/mL时具有100％的生长抑制作用。
结论：这项研究表明，装载有银和金纳米颗粒的氯己定和其他植物代谢物增加了这些纳米颗粒的抗Acanthambae活性。然而,基于植物树胶稳定化的绿色合成纳米粒子，富含柑橘类水果黄酮橙皮苷（HDN）和柚皮苷（NRG），表现出最好的抗刺槐效果。然而，应进行进一步的研究以确定其对人类使用的安全性.
方法：我们根据2000年至2022年之间以英文发表的文章设计了系统的综述。我们的搜索策略基于每个数据库的语法和特定标签，包括ScienceDirect,PubMed,Scopus,奥维德,还有Cochrane.从文章中，选择了那些有入选标准的人，并对其数据进行了提取和分析。
结果：在这项研究中，选择了26项研究。金属纳米颗粒主要用于对抗棘阿米巴物种(80.7%)。19.2%的研究使用聚合物纳米粒子，和3.8%使用乳液纳米颗粒。大多数研究（96.1%）在体外进行，只有一项研究（3.8％）在体内进行。银NP是研究中使用最多的金属纳米颗粒。基于植物胶的稳定性，观察到抗棘阿米巴化合物对绿色合成纳米颗粒的最佳效果，加载柑橘类水果黄酮橙皮苷（HDN）和柚皮苷（NRG），浓度为50μg/mL时具有100％的生长抑制作用。
结论：这项研究表明，装载有银和金纳米颗粒的氯己定和其他植物代谢物增加了这些纳米颗粒的抗Acanthambae活性。然而,基于植物树胶稳定化的绿色合成纳米粒子，富含柑橘类水果黄酮橙皮苷（HDN）和柚皮苷（NRG），表现出最好的抗刺槐效果。然而，应进行进一步的研究以确定其对人类使用的安全性.
