Abstract：
In the present review, using an integrated approach based on the experimental and theoretical study of the processes of thermal decomposition and combustion of practically important polymers, such as polymethyl methacrylate, polyethylene, and glass-fiber-reinforced epoxy resin, the features of the mechanism for reducing the combustibility of these materials with phosphorus-containing flame-retardants (FR), as well as graphene, are identified. A set of original experimental methods was developed and applied that make it possible to study the kinetics of thermal decomposition and the thermal and chemical structure of the flames of the studied materials, including those with FR additives, as well as to measure the flame propagation velocity, the mass burning rate, and the heat fluxes from the flame on the surface of a material. Numerical models were developed and tested to describe the key parameters of the flames of the studied polymeric materials. An analysis of the experimental and numerical simulation data presented showed that the main effect of phosphorus-containing fire-retardants on reducing the combustibility of these materials is associated with the inhibition of combustion processes in the gas phase, and the effect of adding graphene manifests itself in both gas and condensed phases.
摘要：
在本次审查中，使用基于对实际重要聚合物的热分解和燃烧过程的实验和理论研究的综合方法，如聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯，聚乙烯,和玻璃纤维增强环氧树脂，用含磷阻燃剂（FR）降低这些材料可燃性的机理的特征，以及石墨烯，被识别。开发并应用了一套原始的实验方法，这些方法使研究材料的热分解动力学以及火焰的热和化学结构成为可能，包括那些与FR添加剂，以及测量火焰传播速度，质量燃烧率，以及来自材料表面的火焰的热通量。建立并测试了数值模型，以描述所研究的聚合物材料的火焰的关键参数。对实验和数值模拟数据的分析表明，含磷阻燃剂对降低这些材料的可燃性的主要作用与气相燃烧过程的抑制有关，添加石墨烯的效果表现在气相和凝聚相中.
