Abstract：
Post-consumer poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) waste disposal is an important task of modern industry, and the development of new PET-based value added products and methods for their production is one of the ways to solve it. Membranes for various purposes, in this regard are such products. The aim of the review, on the one hand, is to systematize the known methods of processing PET and copolyesters, highlighting their advantages and disadvantages and, on the other hand, to show what valuable membrane products could be obtained, and in what areas of the economy they can be used. Among the various approaches to the processing of PET waste, we single out chemical methods as having the greatest promise. They are divided into two large categories: (1) aimed at obtaining polyethylene terephthalate, similar in properties to the primary one, and (2) aimed at obtaining copolyesters. It is shown that among the former, glycolysis has the greatest potential, and among the latter, destruction followed by copolycondensation and interchain exchange with other polyesters, have the greatest prospects. Next, the key technologies for obtaining membranes, based on polyethylene terephthalate and copolyesters are considered: (1) ion track technology, (2) electrospinning, and (3) non-solvent induced phase separation. The methods for the additional modification of membranes to impart hydrophobicity, hydrophilicity, selective transmission of various substances, and other properties are also given. In each case, examples of the use are considered, including gas purification, water filtration, medical and food industry use, analytical and others. Promising directions for further research are highlighted, both in obtaining recycled PET-based materials, and in post-processing and modification methods.
摘要：
后消费聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)废弃物处理是现代工业的重要任务,而开发基于PET的新型增值产品及其生产方法是解决该问题的途径之一。用于各种目的的膜，在这方面是这样的产品。审查的目的，一方面,是系统化加工PET和共聚酯的已知方法，突出它们的优点和缺点，另一方面,为了显示可以获得有价值的膜产品，以及它们可以用于哪些经济领域。在处理PET废物的各种方法中，我们指出化学方法是最有希望的。它们分为两大类：（1）旨在获得聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯，属性与主属性相似，和(2)旨在获得共聚酯。结果表明，在前者中，糖酵解的潜力最大,在后者中，破坏，然后与其他聚酯进行共缩聚和链间交换，有最大的前景。接下来,获得膜的关键技术，基于聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯和共聚酯的考虑：（1）离子跟踪技术，(2)静电纺丝，和(3)非溶剂诱导的相分离。膜的额外改性以赋予疏水性的方法，亲水性,各种物质的选择性传播，并给出了其他属性。在每种情况下，使用的例子被认为，包括气体净化，水过滤,医疗和食品工业使用，分析和其他。强调了进一步研究的有希望的方向，在获得再生PET基材料方面，以及后处理和修改方法。
