Abstract：
The lung originates from the ventral foregut and develops into an intricate branched structure of airways, alveoli, vessels and support tissue. As the lung develops, cells become specified and differentiate into the various cell lineages. This process is controlled by specific transcription factors, such as the SRY-related HMG-box genes SOX2 and SOX21, that are activated or repressed through intrinsic and extrinsic signals. Disturbances in any of these processes during the development of the lung may lead to various pediatric lung disorders, such as Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia (CDH), Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformation (CPAM) and Broncho-Pulmonary Dysplasia (BPD). Changes in the composition of the airways and the alveoli may result in reduced respiratory function and eventually lead to chronic lung disorders. In this concise review, we describe different intrinsic and extrinsic cellular processes required for proper differentiation of the epithelium during development and regeneration, and the influence of the microenvironment on this process with special focus on SOX2 and SOX21.
摘要：
肺起源于腹侧前肠，并发展成复杂的气道分支结构，肺泡,血管和支持组织。随着肺的发育,细胞被指定并分化成各种细胞谱系。这个过程是由特定的转录因子控制的，例如SRY相关的HMG-box基因SOX2和SOX21，它们通过内在和外在信号被激活或抑制。在肺部发育过程中，任何这些过程中的紊乱都可能导致各种儿科肺部疾病，如先天性膈疝（CDH），先天性肺气道畸形（CPAM）和支气管肺发育不良（BPD）。气道和肺泡组成的变化可能导致呼吸功能降低，并最终导致慢性肺部疾病。在这篇简明的评论中，我们描述了在发育和再生过程中上皮适当分化所需的不同的内在和外在细胞过程，以及微环境对这一过程的影响，特别关注SOX2和SOX21。
