Abstract：
Lack of archaeological and whole-genome diversity data has restricted current knowledge of the evolutionary history of donkeys. With the advancement of science and technology, the discovery of archaeological evidence, the development of molecular genetics, and the improvement of whole-genome sequencing technology, the in-depth understanding of the origin and domestication of donkeys has been enhanced, however. Given the lack of systematic research, the present study carefully screened and collected multiple academic papers and books, journals, and literature on donkeys over the past 15 years. The origin and domestication of donkeys are reviewed in this paper from the aspects of basic information, cultural origin, bioarcheology, mitochondrial and chromosomal microsatellite sequences, and whole-genome sequence comparison. It also highlights and reviews genome assembly technology, by assembling the genome of an individual organism and comparing it with related sample genomes, which can be used to produce more accurate results through big data statistics, analysis, and computational correlation models. Background: The donkey industry in the world and especially in China is developing rapidly, and donkey farming is transforming gradually from the family farming model to large-scale, intensive, and integrated industrial operations, which could ensure the stability of product quality and quantity. However, theoretical research on donkey breeding and its technical development lags far behind that of other livestock, thereby limiting its industrial development. This review provides holistic information for the donkey industry and researchers, that could promote theoretical research, genomic selection (GS), and reproductive management of the donkey population.
摘要：
缺乏考古和全基因组多样性数据限制了当前对驴进化史的了解。随着科学技术的进步,考古证据的发现,分子遗传学的发展，以及全基因组测序技术的改进，对驴的起源和驯化的深入了解得到了加强，however.由于缺乏系统的研究,本研究仔细筛选和收集了多篇学术论文和书籍，期刊,以及过去15年有关驴的文献。本文从基本信息方面对驴的起源和驯化进行了综述,文化起源,生物考古学,线粒体和染色体微卫星序列，和全基因组序列比较。它还重点介绍和回顾了基因组组装技术，通过组装单个生物体的基因组并将其与相关的样本基因组进行比较，可以用来通过大数据统计产生更准确的结果，分析,和计算相关模型。背景:世界尤其是中国的驴业发展迅速,驴养殖正逐步从家庭养殖模式向规模化转变，密集，和综合工业运营，保证产品质量和数量的稳定。然而,关于驴育种及其技术发展的理论研究远远落后于其他牲畜，从而限制了其工业发展。这篇综述为驴业和研究人员提供了全面的信息，这可以促进理论研究，基因组选择（GS），和驴种群的生殖管理。
