Abstract：
Background: The main objective was to evaluate differences in the clinical, motor, or functional variables in patients with Early Osteoarthritis (EOA) and individuals at risk of developing osteoarthritis (OA). Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed. All the participants were divided into two groups: EOA patients and healthy subjects (HS) at risk of developing OA. The main outcomes were clinical tests, such as those of knee morphology, instability, or proprioception; motor and functional variables, such as knee strength, range of motion, walking speed, and the sit-to-stand test; pain and disability, assessed through the Western Ontario McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) scales; and knee alignment and leg length inequality, assessed via X-ray images. Results: A total of 97 participants were included (54 EOA and 43 HS). Patients with EOA showed a greater presence of knee pain (p < 0.01). In addition, more EOA patients showed instability both in the left (p < 0.01) and right legs (p < 0.05). Regarding the knee alignment variable, significant differences were found (p < 0.04), with more patients with EOA diagnosed as possessing a varus alignment. In addition, EOA patients showed lower knee strength, since statistically significant differences were found regarding flexion and extension strength in the left leg (Mean Difference (MD): 12.92; p = 0.03; d = −0.46 and MD:7.81; p = 0.04; d = −0.39). Differences were found for the sit-to-stand test scores, showing lower results for the EOA group (MD: −1.91; p < 0.01; d = 0.54). Conclusions: The results of this research show statistically significant differences between patients with EOA and HS at risk of developing OA with respect to pain, disability, instability, knee strength, and the sit-to-stand test. Our results suggest that the evaluation of clinical, motor, and functional features could contribute to an early management of knee OA.
摘要：
背景：主要目的是评估临床上的差异，电机,早期骨关节炎（EOA）患者和有患骨关节炎（OA）风险的个体的功能变量。方法：进行横断面研究。所有参与者被分为两组：EOA患者和有患OA风险的健康受试者（HS）。主要结果是临床试验，比如膝盖的形态学，不稳定性,或本体感受；运动和功能变量，比如膝盖的力量，运动范围,步行速度,和坐立测试；疼痛和残疾，通过西安大略麦克马斯特大学骨关节炎指数（WOMAC）和膝关节损伤和骨关节炎结果评分（KOOS）量表进行评估；以及膝盖对齐和腿部长度不平等，通过X射线图像评估。结果：共纳入97名参与者（54例EOA和43例HS）。EOA患者表现出更大的膝关节疼痛（p＆lt;0.01）。此外,更多的EOA患者显示左腿（p＆lt;0.01）和右腿（p＆lt;0.05）不稳定。关于膝盖对齐变量，发现显著差异(p<0.04)，更多的EOA患者被诊断为患有内翻对齐。此外,EOA患者膝关节强度降低,因为在左腿的屈伸强度方面发现了统计学上的显着差异（平均差异（MD）：12.92;p=0.03;d=-0.46和MD：7.81;p=0.04;d=-0.39）。静坐测试成绩存在差异,显示EOA组的结果较低（MD：-1.91;p＆lt;0.01;d=0.54）。结论：这项研究的结果表明，在疼痛方面，EOA和HS患者有发生OA的风险，残疾,不稳定性,膝盖力量,和坐立测试。我们的结果表明，临床评估，电机,和功能特征可能有助于膝关节OA的早期治疗。
