PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
UNASSIGNED: The study objectives were to report on current paediatric poisoning figures from South Africa, and to better understand this patient population to contribute suggestions for streamlining local triage and referral criteria.
UNASSIGNED: A retrospective review of children presenting to Red Cross War Memorial Children\'s Hospital (RCWMCH) with poisoning between January 2009 and December 2019 was performed. Data were extracted from the Poisons Information Centre\'s Clinical Poisonings Database.
UNASSIGNED: There were 3699 incidents, involving 3662 patients; 3011 (81%) patients were under 5 years (median 29 months, IQR 19 to 49 months). There was a slight decline in numbers over the 11-year period.Most patients were referred (n = 2542, 69%), which included a greater proportion that were symptomatic (p < 0.001). There were 8 deaths (case fatality rate 0.2%).Medications were the most common single toxin group (n = 1270, 38%), followed by handyman and industrial (HI) products (n = 889, 27%), household products (n = 451, 14%), and pesticides (n = 445, 13%). There was a significant relationship between toxin type and referral patterns (p < 0.001) as well as clinical severity (p < 0.001): pesticides and HI products (paraffin, n = 486/568, 86%) had a greater proportion of referrals, and pesticides more moderate to fatal poisonings (n = 132/445, 30%), all due to cholinergic (organophosphates and carbamates) and formamidine pesticides.The medication subgroups anticonvulsants (n = 21/78, 27%), anti-infectives (n = 4/34, 12%), multi-vitamin/mineral (MVM) supplements (n = 17/84, 20%), neuropsychiatric medications (n = 50/350, 14%) and substances of abuse (n = 13/47, 28%) had larger proportions of moderate to severe poisonings (p < 0.001), as did the small group of biological toxins (n = 17/55, 31%; p < 0.001).
UNASSIGNED: Certain medication, pesticide, and biological toxin subgroups, should be flagged for early referral. The goal is to improve patient outcomes as well as optimize the use of limited resources.
UNASSIGNED: A retrospective review of children presenting to Red Cross War Memorial Children\'s Hospital (RCWMCH) with poisoning between January 2009 and December 2019 was performed. Data were extracted from the Poisons Information Centre\'s Clinical Poisonings Database.
UNASSIGNED: There were 3699 incidents, involving 3662 patients; 3011 (81%) patients were under 5 years (median 29 months, IQR 19 to 49 months). There was a slight decline in numbers over the 11-year period.Most patients were referred (n = 2542, 69%), which included a greater proportion that were symptomatic (p < 0.001). There were 8 deaths (case fatality rate 0.2%).Medications were the most common single toxin group (n = 1270, 38%), followed by handyman and industrial (HI) products (n = 889, 27%), household products (n = 451, 14%), and pesticides (n = 445, 13%). There was a significant relationship between toxin type and referral patterns (p < 0.001) as well as clinical severity (p < 0.001): pesticides and HI products (paraffin, n = 486/568, 86%) had a greater proportion of referrals, and pesticides more moderate to fatal poisonings (n = 132/445, 30%), all due to cholinergic (organophosphates and carbamates) and formamidine pesticides.The medication subgroups anticonvulsants (n = 21/78, 27%), anti-infectives (n = 4/34, 12%), multi-vitamin/mineral (MVM) supplements (n = 17/84, 20%), neuropsychiatric medications (n = 50/350, 14%) and substances of abuse (n = 13/47, 28%) had larger proportions of moderate to severe poisonings (p < 0.001), as did the small group of biological toxins (n = 17/55, 31%; p < 0.001).
UNASSIGNED: Certain medication, pesticide, and biological toxin subgroups, should be flagged for early referral. The goal is to improve patient outcomes as well as optimize the use of limited resources.
摘要：
UNASSIGNED：研究目标是报告南非目前的儿科中毒数据，并更好地了解该患者人群，为简化本地分诊和转诊标准提供建议。
UNASSIGNED：对2009年1月至2019年12月期间到红十字战争纪念儿童医院（RCWMCH）就诊的中毒儿童进行了回顾性审查。数据来自毒物信息中心的临床中毒数据库。
未经评估：发生了3699起事件，涉及3662例患者；3011例（81%）患者年龄在5岁以下（中位数29个月，IQR19至49个月)。在过去的11年中，数字略有下降。大多数患者被转诊（n=2542，69%），其中包括更大比例的症状（p<0.001）。有8例死亡（病死率为0.2％）。药物是最常见的单一毒素组（n=1270，38％），其次是杂工和工业(HI)产品(n=889，27%)，家用产品(n=451，14%)，农药（n=445，13%）。毒素类型和转诊模式（p<0.001）以及临床严重程度（p<0.001）之间存在显着关系：农药和HI产品（石蜡，n=486/568，86%)的转诊比例更大，和农药更温和致命的中毒（n=132/445，30％），都是由于胆碱能（有机磷和氨基甲酸酯）和甲脒农药。药物亚组抗惊厥药（n=21/78，27%），抗感染药（n=4/34，12%），多维生素/矿物质（MVM）补充剂（n=17/84，20%），神经精神药物（n=50/350，14％）和滥用物质（n=13/47，28％）有更大比例的中度至重度中毒（p<0.001），小组生物毒素也是如此(n=17/55，31%；p<0.001)。
未经批准：某些药物，杀虫剂，和生物毒素亚组，应标记为早期转诊。目标是改善患者预后并优化有限资源的使用。
UNASSIGNED：对2009年1月至2019年12月期间到红十字战争纪念儿童医院（RCWMCH）就诊的中毒儿童进行了回顾性审查。数据来自毒物信息中心的临床中毒数据库。
未经评估：发生了3699起事件，涉及3662例患者；3011例（81%）患者年龄在5岁以下（中位数29个月，IQR19至49个月)。在过去的11年中，数字略有下降。大多数患者被转诊（n=2542，69%），其中包括更大比例的症状（p<0.001）。有8例死亡（病死率为0.2％）。药物是最常见的单一毒素组（n=1270，38％），其次是杂工和工业(HI)产品(n=889，27%)，家用产品(n=451，14%)，农药（n=445，13%）。毒素类型和转诊模式（p<0.001）以及临床严重程度（p<0.001）之间存在显着关系：农药和HI产品（石蜡，n=486/568，86%)的转诊比例更大，和农药更温和致命的中毒（n=132/445，30％），都是由于胆碱能（有机磷和氨基甲酸酯）和甲脒农药。药物亚组抗惊厥药（n=21/78，27%），抗感染药（n=4/34，12%），多维生素/矿物质（MVM）补充剂（n=17/84，20%），神经精神药物（n=50/350，14％）和滥用物质（n=13/47，28％）有更大比例的中度至重度中毒（p<0.001），小组生物毒素也是如此(n=17/55，31%；p<0.001)。
未经批准：某些药物，杀虫剂，和生物毒素亚组，应标记为早期转诊。目标是改善患者预后并优化有限资源的使用。
