Abstract：
Several anthropogenic activities exposure humans to the risk of rodent-borne diseases. These activities are but not limited to logging, clearing land for crop cultivation, and consuming rodents. Rodents are a highly diverse mammalian group and harbor many zoonotic diseases. This review focuses on dominant rodent-flea species, rodent-borne zoonotic diseases and awareness and management practices against rodent-borne diseases in Africa. Relevant academic literature spanning from 1974 to 2021 was analysed. Dominant rodent species reported in Africa included:- Mastomys natalensis and Rattus rattus, while dominant flea species included Xenopsylla brasiliensis and Xenopsylla cheopis. Rodents were reported as hosts to a wide range of parasites which can be passed to humans. Rodents were also reported as hosts to some protozoans, trematodes, cestodes, nematodes, bacteria and viruses which are transmissible to humans. Some studies conducted in West Africa revealed good knowledge and practices on plague and Lassa fever diseases among respondents, whereas other studies reported poor practices on Lassa fever management. In part of Southern Africa, some studies reported poor knowledge and practices on plague disease. Further research on rodent-borne disease awareness and management strategies in African countries is desirable.
摘要：
几种人为活动使人类面临啮齿动物传播疾病的风险。这些活动包括但不限于伐木，清理农作物种植土地，和食用啮齿动物。啮齿动物是一个高度多样化的哺乳动物群体，并有许多人畜共患疾病。这篇综述的重点是优势啮齿动物-跳蚤物种，非洲啮齿动物传播的人畜共患疾病以及对啮齿动物传播疾病的认识和管理实践。分析了1974年至2021年的相关学术文献。在非洲报告的主要啮齿动物物种包括：-马斯特米和家鼠，而优势跳蚤物种包括Xenopsylabrasiliensis和Xenopsylacheopis。据报道，啮齿动物是可以传播给人类的多种寄生虫的宿主。据报道，啮齿动物也是一些原生动物的宿主，吸虫,Cestodes,线虫,可传播给人类的细菌和病毒。在西非进行的一些研究表明，受访者对鼠疫和拉萨热病有良好的了解和做法，而其他研究报告了拉萨热管理的不良做法。在南部非洲的一部分，一些研究报告说，对鼠疫疾病的知识和实践不足。希望进一步研究非洲国家对啮齿动物传播疾病的认识和管理策略。
