PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Pancreatic cancer remains the third leading cause of death amongst men and women in the United States. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), the most common type of pancreatic cancer maintains its reputation of being the most aggressive with a poor prognosis. One of the contributing factors to the high mortality of PDAC is the absence of biomarkers for early detection of disease and the complexity of tumor biology and genomics. In this review, we explored the current understanding of epigenetics and diagnostic biomarkers in PDAC and summarized recent advances in molecular biology. We discussed current guidelines on diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment, especially in high-risk individuals. We also reviewed studies that have touched on identifying biomarkers and the role they play in making early diagnosis although there are currently no screening tools for PDAC. We explored the recent understanding of epigenetic alterations of PDAC and the future implications for early detection and prognosis. In conclusion, the new and emerging advances in the detection and treatment of PDAC can lead to an improvement in the current outcome of PDAC.
摘要：
胰腺癌仍然是美国男性和女性死亡的第三大原因。胰腺导管腺癌(PDAC),最常见类型的胰腺癌保持着其最具侵袭性的声誉，预后不良。导致PDAC高死亡率的因素之一是缺乏用于疾病早期检测的生物标志物以及肿瘤生物学和基因组学的复杂性。在这次审查中,我们探讨了目前对PDAC中表观遗传学和诊断性生物标志物的理解,并总结了分子生物学的最新进展.我们讨论了当前的诊断指南，预后,和治疗,尤其是高危人群。我们还回顾了关于识别生物标志物及其在早期诊断中的作用的研究，尽管目前尚无PDAC的筛查工具。我们探讨了PDAC表观遗传改变的最新认识以及对早期检测和预后的未来意义。总之,PDAC检测和治疗方面的新进展可以改善PDAC的当前结果.
