PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Cognitive reserve reflects the brain\'s intrinsic adaptive capacity against the neurodegenerative effects of aging. The maintenance or enhancement of the brain\'s cognitive reserve plays a crucial role in mitigating the severity of pathologies associated with aging. A new movement, social prescribing, which focuses on prescribing lifestyle activities as a treatment for patients, is growing in popularity as a solution against aging pathologies. However, few studies have demonstrated a clear impact of lifestyle activities on individual cognitive health, outside of floor and ceiling effects. Understanding who benefits from which lifestyle factors remains unclear. Here, we investigated the potential effects of lifestyle activities on individuals\' cognitive health from more than 3,530 older adults using a stratification method and advanced analysis technique. Our stratification methods allowed us to observe a new result: older adults who had relatively average cognitive scores were not impacted by lifestyle factors. By comparison, older adults with very high or very low cognitive scores were highly impacted by lifestyle factors. These findings expand the orchid and dandelion theory to the aging field, regarding the biological sensitivity of individuals to harmful and protective environmental effects. Our discoveries demonstrate the role of individual differences in the aging process and its importance for social prescribing programs.
摘要：
认知储备反映了大脑对衰老的神经退行性影响的内在适应能力。维持或增强大脑的认知储备在减轻与衰老相关的病变的严重程度中起着至关重要的作用。一个新的运动，社会处方，专注于为患者提供治疗的生活方式活动，作为对抗衰老疾病的解决方案越来越受欢迎。然而,很少有研究表明生活方式活动对个体认知健康有明显影响，外面的地板和天花板的影响。了解谁受益于哪些生活方式因素仍不清楚。这里,我们使用分层方法和高级分析技术,调查了3,530多名老年人的生活方式活动对个体认知健康的潜在影响.我们的分层方法使我们能够观察到一个新的结果：认知得分相对平均的老年人不受生活方式因素的影响。相比之下,认知评分很高或很低的老年人受生活方式因素的影响较大.这些发现将兰花和蒲公英理论扩展到衰老领域，关于个体对有害和保护性环境影响的生物敏感性。我们的发现证明了个体差异在衰老过程中的作用及其对社会处方计划的重要性。
