Abstract：
Growing populations in developing countries have exacerbated inequality in the spatial distribution of living environments. As a result, whether living environment factors matter to health and well-being is increasingly attracting policy and scholarly attention. Yet, crucial knowledge gaps remain regarding the implications, consequences and mechanisms of one\'s living environment on health and well-being in developing countries. This study examined the association between living environment and psychological distress, self-rated health and satisfaction with life among Chinese adults. Furthermore, it also explored the moderating role of community cohesion and the mediating role of social support on these factors. Using probability proportionate to size sampling methods, 3765 respondents and 148 community organisers were recruited from 160 communities in Yunnan, China, in 2018. Ordinary least squares regression and structural equation modelling were conducted. The findings indicate that residents who lived in communities with higher levels of environment insecurity had lower levels of subjective health and well-being (psychological distress: β = 1.088, p < 0.001; self-rated health: β = -0.104, p < 0.01; satisfaction with life: β = -0.164, p < 0.001). Moreover, community cohesion played a moderating role in the relationship between living environment insecurity and self-rated health (β = 0.212, p < 0.05) and satisfaction with life (β = 0.183, p < 0.05); however, it had no significant effects on psychological distress. Furthermore, the moderated effects of community cohesion on living environment insecurity were mediated through perceived social support for self-rated health (proportion of total effect mediated = 11%) and satisfaction with life (proportion of total effect mediated = 29%). The present findings have implications for policy makers and community committees who can work towards social inequality in developing countries. The integrated programmes of improving living conditions and strengthening community capacity are crucial to residents\' health and well-being.
摘要：
发展中国家人口的增长加剧了生活环境空间分布的不平等。因此,生活环境因素对健康和福祉是否重要越来越受到政策和学者的关注。然而，关于影响，关键的知识差距仍然存在，发展中国家生活环境对健康和福祉的影响和机制。这项研究考察了生活环境与心理困扰之间的关系，中国成年人的自评健康状况和生活满意度。此外，它还探讨了社区凝聚力的调节作用和社会支持对这些因素的中介作用。使用与大小成比例的概率抽样方法，从云南160个社区招募了3765名受访者和148名社区组织者，中国,在2018年。进行了普通最小二乘回归和结构方程建模。结果表明，居住在环境不安全程度较高的社区的居民的主观健康和幸福感水平较低（心理困扰：β=1.088，p<0.001；自评健康：β=-0.104，p<0.01；生活满意度：β=-0.164，p<0.001）。此外，社区凝聚力在生活环境不安全感与自测健康(β=0.212,p<0.05)和生活满意度(β=0.183,p<0.05)的关系中起调节作用;它对心理困扰没有显著影响。此外，社区凝聚力对生活环境不安全感的调节作用是通过自评健康的感知社会支持(介导的总效应比例=11%)和生活满意度(介导的总效应比例=29%)介导的.本研究结果对能够致力于发展中国家社会不平等的决策者和社区委员会有影响。改善生活条件和加强社区能力的综合方案对居民的健康和福祉至关重要。
