PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
When the hunter-gatherers finally started settling down as farmers, infectious diseases started scourging them. The earlier humans could differentiate sporadic diseases like tooth decay, tumors, etc., from the infectious diseases that used to cause outbreaks and epidemics. The earliest comprehension of infectious diseases was primarily based on religious background and myths, but as human knowledge grew, the causes of these diseases were being probed. Similarly, the taxonomy of infectious diseases gradually changed from superstitious prospects, like influenza, signifying disease infliction due to the \"influence of stars\" to more scientific ones like tuberculosis derived from the word \"tuberculum\" meaning small swellings seen in postmortem human tissue specimens. From a historical perspective, we identified five categories for the basis of the microbial nomenclature, namely phenotypic characteristics of microbe, disease name, eponym, body site of isolation, and toponym. This review article explores the etymology of common infectious diseases and microorganisms\' nomenclature in a historical context.
摘要：
当狩猎采集者最终开始以农民的身份定居时，传染病开始肆虐他们。早期的人类可以区分像蛀牙这样的散发性疾病，肿瘤，等。,来自过去引起爆发和流行病的传染病。对传染病的最早理解主要是基于宗教背景和神话，但是随着人类知识的增长，这些疾病的原因正在被调查。同样，传染病的分类学逐渐从迷信的前景转变，像流感一样，表示由于“恒星的影响”而导致的疾病，例如从“结核杆菌”一词中得出的结核病，这意味着在死后的人体组织标本中看到的小肿胀。从历史的角度来看,我们确定了五类微生物命名法的基础，即微生物的表型特征，疾病名称,地名,身体隔离部位，和地名。本文在历史背景下探讨了常见传染病和微生物命名的词源。
