PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Monkeypox is an emerging zoonotic disease caused by the monkeypox virus, which is an infectious agent belonging to the genus Orthopoxvirus. Currently, commencing from the end of April 2022, an outbreak of monkeypox is ongoing, with more than 43,000 cases reported as of 23 August 2022, involving 99 countries and territories across all the six World Health Organization (WHO) regions. On 23 July 2022, the Director-General of the WHO declared monkeypox a global public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC), since the outbreak represents an extraordinary, unusual, and unexpected event that poses a significant risk for international spread, requiring an immediate, coordinated international response. However, the real magnitude of the burden of disease could be masked by failures in ascertainment and under-detection. As such, underestimation affects the efficiency and reliability of surveillance and notification systems and compromises the possibility of making informed and evidence-based policy decisions in terms of the adoption and implementation of ad hoc adequate preventive measures. In this review, synthesizing 53 papers, we summarize the determinants of the underestimation of sexually transmitted diseases, in general, and, in particular, monkeypox, in terms of all their various components and dimensions (under-ascertainment, underreporting, under-detection, under-diagnosis, misdiagnosis/misclassification, and under-notification).
摘要：
猴痘是由猴痘病毒引起的一种新兴的人畜共患疾病，它是一种属于正痘病毒属的传染因子。目前,从2022年4月底开始，猴痘的爆发正在进行中，截至2022年8月23日，报告了超过43,000例病例，涉及世界卫生组织（世卫组织）六个区域的99个国家和地区。2022年7月23日，世卫组织总干事宣布猴痘为国际关注的全球突发公共卫生事件。由于疫情代表了非同寻常的情况，不寻常的,以及对国际传播构成重大风险的意外事件，需要立即,协调国际反应。然而,疾病负担的真正程度可能被确定和检测不足的失败所掩盖。因此，低估会影响监视和通知系统的效率和可靠性，并损害在采取和实施临时适当的预防措施方面做出知情和基于证据的政策决定的可能性。在这次审查中,综合53篇论文，我们总结了低估性传播疾病的决定因素，总的来说,and,特别是,猴痘,就其所有各种组件和尺寸而言(未确定，漏报，检测不足，诊断不足,误诊/错误分类，和通知不足)。
