Abstract：
An indoor environment in a hospital building requires a high indoor air quality (IAQ) to overcome patients\' risks of getting wound infections without interrupting the recovery process. However, several problems arose in obtaining a satisfactory IAQ, such as poor ventilation design strategies, insufficient air exchange, improper medical equipment placement and high door opening frequency. This paper presents an overview of various methods used for assessing the IAQ in hospital facilities, especially in an operating room, isolation room, anteroom, postoperative room, inpatient room and dentistry room. This review shows that both experimental and numerical methods demonstrated their advantages in the IAQ assessment. It was revealed that both airflow and particle tracking models could result in different particle dispersion predictions. The model selection should depend on the compatibility of the simulated result with the experimental measurement data. The primary and secondary forces affecting the characteristics of particle dispersion were also discussed in detail. The main contributing forces to the trajectory characteristics of a particle could be attributed to the gravitational force and drag force regardless of particle size. Meanwhile, the additional forces could be considered when there involves temperature gradient, intense light source, submicron particle, etc. The particle size concerned in a healthcare facility should be less than 20 μm as this particle size range showed a closer relationship with the virus load and a higher tendency to remain airborne. Also, further research opportunities that reflect a more realistic approach and improvement in the current assessment approach were proposed.
摘要：
医院大楼的室内环境需要较高的室内空气质量（IAQ），以克服患者感染伤口的风险，而不会中断恢复过程。然而,在获得令人满意的IAQ时出现了几个问题，例如不良的通风设计策略，空气交换不足，医疗设备放置不当和开门频率高。本文概述了用于评估医院设施中IAQ的各种方法，尤其是在手术室,隔离室,前厅,术后室,住院室和牙科室。这篇综述表明，实验和数值方法在IAQ评估中都证明了它们的优势。结果表明，气流和颗粒跟踪模型都可能导致不同的颗粒扩散预测。模型选择应取决于模拟结果与实验测量数据的兼容性。还详细讨论了影响颗粒分散特性的主要力和次要力。对颗粒轨迹特性的主要贡献力可以归因于重力和阻力，而与颗粒大小无关。同时,当涉及温度梯度时，可以考虑额外的力，强烈的光源，亚微米颗粒，等。医疗保健机构中涉及的粒径应小于20μm,因为该粒径范围显示出与病毒载量更紧密的关系和更高的保持空气传播的趋势。此外，提出了进一步的研究机会，以反映更现实的方法和对当前评估方法的改进。
