Abstract：
Studies of the land-sea-air interactions of aerosol are scarce considering their significant role in global environmental changes. Here, we investigated potential sources of sub-micron aerosols over the East Sea (Sea of Japan), which is strongly influenced by continental and marine aerosols. A high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS) was used to measure the size-resolved chemical compositions of sub-micron aerosols during the period March 10-15, 2020. Concentrations of all AMS species, black carbon (BC), PM10 (particulate matter <10 μm) and PM2.5 (particulate matter <2.5 μm) were higher when cruising in industrialized coastal areas compared to the offshore region. A positive matrix factorization (PMF) model identified five distinct sources, i.e., hydrocarbon-like organic aerosol, semi-volatile and low-volatile oxygenated aerosols, methanesulfonic acid (MSA), and dimethyl sulfide (DMS; C2H6S) oxidation, which accounted for 5.98 %, 21.6 %, 28.3 %, 34.5 %, and 9.64 % of the total organic mass, respectively. The spatiotemporal variation of MSA, as well as the MSA to sulfate ratio (MSA:SO42-) over the East Sea, was determined for the first time. The mass concentrations of MSA displayed a similar time series distribution pattern to those of DMS. The time series distributions of the MSA:SO42- ratio displayed distinct differences, with higher ratios downwind of the ocean (0.216 ± 0.083 μg·m-3) than land (0.089 ± 0.030 μg·m-3). The growth of ultrafine particles (10-35 nm) was observed during two of the elevated MSA:SO42- ratio events, suggesting a potential role of MSA in new particle formation.
摘要：
考虑到气溶胶在全球环境变化中的重要作用，对气溶胶的陆-海-气相互作用的研究很少。这里,我们调查了东海（日本海）亚微米气溶胶的潜在来源，受到大陆和海洋气溶胶的强烈影响。在2020年3月10日至15日期间，使用高分辨率飞行时间气溶胶质谱仪（HR-ToF-AMS）测量亚微米气溶胶的尺寸分辨化学组成。所有AMS物种的浓度，黑碳（BC），与近海地区相比，在工业化沿海地区巡航时，PM10（颗粒物<10μm）和PM2.5（颗粒物<2.5μm）更高。正矩阵分解(PMF)模型确定了五个不同的来源，即，类烃有机气溶胶，半挥发性和低挥发性含氧气溶胶，甲磺酸（MSA），和二甲基硫醚（DMS；C2H6S）氧化，占5.98%，21.6%,28.3%,34.5%,和总有机质量的9.64%，分别。MSA的时空变异,以及东海的MSA与硫酸盐之比（MSA：SO42-），这是第一次确定。MSA的质量浓度显示出与DMS相似的时间序列分布模式。MSA:SO42-比率的时间序列分布显示出明显的差异，海洋顺风的比率（0.216±0.083μg·m-3）高于陆地（0.089±0.030μg·m-3）。在两个升高的MSA：SO42-比率事件中观察到超细颗粒（10-35nm）的生长，表明MSA在新颗粒形成中的潜在作用。
