PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Preterm newborn infants are characterized by low body weight and lower fat mass at birth compared with full-term newborn neonates. Conversely, at term corrected age, body fat mass is more represented in preterm newborn infants, causing a predisposition to developing metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases in later life with a different risk profile in men as compared with women. Postnatal growth is a complex change in anthropometric parameters and body composition. Both quantity and quality of growth are regulated by several factors such as fetal programming, early nutrition, and gut microbiota. Weight gain alone is not an optimal indicator of nutritional status as it does not accurately describe weight quality. The analysis of body composition represents a potentially useful tool to predict later metabolic and cardiovascular risk as it detects the quality of growth by differentiating between fat and lean mass. Longitudinal follow-up of preterm newborn infants could take advantage of body composition analysis in order to identify high-risk patients who apply early preventive strategies. This narrative review aimed to examine the state-of-the-art body composition among born preterm children, with a focus on those in the pre-school age group.
摘要：
与足月新生儿相比，早产新生儿的特征是出生时低体重和较低的脂肪量。相反，在足月矫正年龄，身体脂肪量在早产新生儿中表现得更多，导致在以后的生活中发展为代谢综合征和心血管疾病的倾向，与女性相比，男性的风险状况不同。出生后的生长是人体测量参数和身体成分的复杂变化。生长的数量和质量都受几个因素的调节，如胎儿程序，早期营养,和肠道微生物群。单凭体重增加并不是营养状况的最佳指标，因为它不能准确描述体重质量。身体成分的分析代表了一种潜在的有用工具，可以预测以后的代谢和心血管风险，因为它通过区分脂肪和瘦体重来检测生长质量。早产儿的纵向随访可以利用身体成分分析来识别应用早期预防策略的高危患者。这篇叙述性评论旨在研究早产儿的最新身体成分，重点关注学龄前人群。
