Abstract：
The inner ear organ is a delicate tissue consisting of hair cells (HCs) and supporting cells (SCs).The mammalian inner ear HCs are terminally differentiated cells that cannot spontaneously regenerate in adults. Epithelial non-hair cells (ENHCs) in the utricle include HC progenitors and SCs, and the progenitors share similar characteristics with SCs in the neonatal inner ear.
We applied single-cell sequencing to whole mouse utricles from the neonatal period to adulthood, including samples from postnatal day (P)2, P7 and P30 mice. Furthermore, using transgenic mice and immunostaining, we traced the source of new HC generation.
We identified several sensory epithelial cell clusters and further found that new HCs arose mainly through differentiation from Sox9+ progenitor cells and that only a few cells were produced by mitotic proliferation in both neonatal and adult mouse utricles. In addition, we identified the proliferative cells using the marker UbcH10 and demonstrated that in adulthood the mitotically generated HCs were primarily found in the extrastriola. Moreover, we observed that not only Type II, but also Type I HCs could be regenerated by either mitotic cell proliferation or progenitor cell differentiation.
Overall, our findings expand our understanding of ENHC cell fate and the characteristics of the vestibular organs in mammals over the course of development.
We applied single-cell sequencing to whole mouse utricles from the neonatal period to adulthood, including samples from postnatal day (P)2, P7 and P30 mice. Furthermore, using transgenic mice and immunostaining, we traced the source of new HC generation.
We identified several sensory epithelial cell clusters and further found that new HCs arose mainly through differentiation from Sox9+ progenitor cells and that only a few cells were produced by mitotic proliferation in both neonatal and adult mouse utricles. In addition, we identified the proliferative cells using the marker UbcH10 and demonstrated that in adulthood the mitotically generated HCs were primarily found in the extrastriola. Moreover, we observed that not only Type II, but also Type I HCs could be regenerated by either mitotic cell proliferation or progenitor cell differentiation.
Overall, our findings expand our understanding of ENHC cell fate and the characteristics of the vestibular organs in mammals over the course of development.
摘要：
内耳器官是由毛细胞(HC)和支持细胞(SC)组成的脆弱组织。哺乳动物内耳HC是终末分化的细胞,其不能在成体中自发再生。胞囊中的上皮非毛细胞（ENHC）包括HC祖细胞和SCs，并且祖细胞与新生儿内耳的SCs具有相似的特征。
我们将单细胞测序应用于从新生儿期到成年期的整个小鼠细胞，包括来自出生后第2天(P)、P7和P30小鼠的样品。此外，使用转基因小鼠和免疫染色，我们追踪了新一代HC的来源。
我们鉴定了几种感觉上皮细胞簇，并进一步发现新的HCs主要通过从Sox9+祖细胞分化而产生，并且在新生和成年小鼠细胞中只有少数细胞通过有丝分裂增殖产生。此外,我们使用标记UbcH10鉴定了增殖性细胞,并证明在成年期,有丝分裂产生的HC主要在系外发现.此外，我们观察到不仅是II型，而且I型HC可以通过有丝分裂细胞增殖或祖细胞分化再生。
总的来说，我们的发现扩大了我们对ENHC细胞命运和哺乳动物前庭器官在发育过程中的特征的理解。
我们将单细胞测序应用于从新生儿期到成年期的整个小鼠细胞，包括来自出生后第2天(P)、P7和P30小鼠的样品。此外，使用转基因小鼠和免疫染色，我们追踪了新一代HC的来源。
我们鉴定了几种感觉上皮细胞簇，并进一步发现新的HCs主要通过从Sox9+祖细胞分化而产生，并且在新生和成年小鼠细胞中只有少数细胞通过有丝分裂增殖产生。此外,我们使用标记UbcH10鉴定了增殖性细胞,并证明在成年期,有丝分裂产生的HC主要在系外发现.此外，我们观察到不仅是II型，而且I型HC可以通过有丝分裂细胞增殖或祖细胞分化再生。
总的来说，我们的发现扩大了我们对ENHC细胞命运和哺乳动物前庭器官在发育过程中的特征的理解。
