Abstract：
UNASSIGNED: Heart failure has high mortality and is linked to substantial burden for patients, carers and health care systems. Patients with chronic heart failure frequently experience recurrent hospitalisations peaking at the end of life, but most prefer to avoid hospital. The drivers of hospitalisations are not well understood.
UNASSIGNED: We aimed to synthesise the evidence on factors associated with all-cause and heart failure hospitalisations of patients with advanced chronic heart failure.
UNASSIGNED: Systematic review of studies quantitatively evaluating factors associated with all-cause or heart failure hospitalisations in adult patients with advanced chronic heart failure.
UNASSIGNED: Five electronic databases were searched from inception to September 2020. Additionally, searches for grey literature, citation searching and hand-searching were performed. We assessed the quality of individual studies using the QualSyst tool. Strength of evidence was determined weighing number, quality and consistency of studies. Findings are reported narratively as pooling was not deemed feasible.
UNASSIGNED: In 54 articles, 68 individual, illness-level, service-level and environmental factors were identified. We found high/moderate strength evidence for specialist palliative or hospice care being associated with reduced risk of all-cause and heart failure hospitalisations, respectively. Based on high strength evidence, we further identified black/non-white ethnicity as a risk factor for all-cause hospitalisations.
UNASSIGNED: Efforts to integrate hospice and specialist palliative services into care may reduce avoidable hospitalisations in advanced heart failure. Inequalities in end-of-life care in terms of race/ethnicity should be addressed. Further research should investigate the causality of the relationships identified here.
UNASSIGNED: We aimed to synthesise the evidence on factors associated with all-cause and heart failure hospitalisations of patients with advanced chronic heart failure.
UNASSIGNED: Systematic review of studies quantitatively evaluating factors associated with all-cause or heart failure hospitalisations in adult patients with advanced chronic heart failure.
UNASSIGNED: Five electronic databases were searched from inception to September 2020. Additionally, searches for grey literature, citation searching and hand-searching were performed. We assessed the quality of individual studies using the QualSyst tool. Strength of evidence was determined weighing number, quality and consistency of studies. Findings are reported narratively as pooling was not deemed feasible.
UNASSIGNED: In 54 articles, 68 individual, illness-level, service-level and environmental factors were identified. We found high/moderate strength evidence for specialist palliative or hospice care being associated with reduced risk of all-cause and heart failure hospitalisations, respectively. Based on high strength evidence, we further identified black/non-white ethnicity as a risk factor for all-cause hospitalisations.
UNASSIGNED: Efforts to integrate hospice and specialist palliative services into care may reduce avoidable hospitalisations in advanced heart failure. Inequalities in end-of-life care in terms of race/ethnicity should be addressed. Further research should investigate the causality of the relationships identified here.
摘要：
未经证实：心力衰竭具有高死亡率，并且与患者的巨大负担有关，护理人员和医疗保健系统。慢性心力衰竭患者经常经历反复住院，在生命结束时达到顶峰。但大多数人更喜欢避免住院。住院的驱动因素还没有得到很好的理解。
UNASSIGNED：我们的目的是综合与晚期慢性心力衰竭患者的全因和心力衰竭住院相关因素的证据。
UNASSIGNED：定量评估成年晚期慢性心力衰竭患者全因或心力衰竭住院相关因素的研究的系统评价。
UNASSIGNED：从开始到2020年9月搜索了五个电子数据库。此外,搜索灰色文献，进行了引文搜索和手工搜索。我们使用QualSyst工具评估了个别研究的质量。证据强度确定为称重数字，研究的质量和一致性。研究结果以叙述方式报告，因为合并被认为不可行。
未经批准：在54篇文章中，68个人，疾病水平,确定了服务水平和环境因素。我们发现高/中等强度的证据表明，专科姑息治疗或临终关怀治疗与降低全因和心力衰竭住院的风险有关。分别。基于高强度的证据,我们进一步确定黑人/非白人种族是全因住院的危险因素.
UNASSIGNED：将临终关怀和专科姑息治疗服务纳入治疗的努力可能会减少晚期心力衰竭患者可避免的住院治疗。应解决种族/族裔方面的临终关怀不平等。进一步的研究应该调查这里确定的关系的因果关系。
UNASSIGNED：我们的目的是综合与晚期慢性心力衰竭患者的全因和心力衰竭住院相关因素的证据。
UNASSIGNED：定量评估成年晚期慢性心力衰竭患者全因或心力衰竭住院相关因素的研究的系统评价。
UNASSIGNED：从开始到2020年9月搜索了五个电子数据库。此外,搜索灰色文献，进行了引文搜索和手工搜索。我们使用QualSyst工具评估了个别研究的质量。证据强度确定为称重数字，研究的质量和一致性。研究结果以叙述方式报告，因为合并被认为不可行。
未经批准：在54篇文章中，68个人，疾病水平,确定了服务水平和环境因素。我们发现高/中等强度的证据表明，专科姑息治疗或临终关怀治疗与降低全因和心力衰竭住院的风险有关。分别。基于高强度的证据,我们进一步确定黑人/非白人种族是全因住院的危险因素.
UNASSIGNED：将临终关怀和专科姑息治疗服务纳入治疗的努力可能会减少晚期心力衰竭患者可避免的住院治疗。应解决种族/族裔方面的临终关怀不平等。进一步的研究应该调查这里确定的关系的因果关系。
