Abstract：
In forensic contexts, sternal anatomical varieties represent useful tools for the identification of an individual, either by comparison of ante-mortem and post-mortem data, or by potential comparison of data from biologically related individuals. Sternal body variation is also used to detect the biological affinity of individuals in bioarchaeology. However, no study has been made available to date on the degree to which the overall shape of the sternal body reflects the degree of biological relatedness. We, therefore, analyzed the sternal body shape of 10 individuals with known genealogical data, members of one family over three generations including inbred individuals (19th-20th centuries, Bohemia, Czech Republic), and a control sample of 12 biologically unrelated individuals. First, closely biologically related individuals were compared with unrelated individuals based on 10 variables expressing the morphological characteristics of the sternum, and then all individuals were compared based on Fourier analysis depending on their degree of relationship. The results showed that there is a greater degree of shape similarity in biologically related individuals than in unrelated individuals, and variability decreases with an increasing degree of relatedness. Inbred individuals showed the lowest sternum-shape distances and degree of variability, while unrelated individuals, showed the highest distances and variability. Moreover, in some cases, the documented relationships were also supported by a similar morphology of the ossified and fused xiphoid process. Thus, sternal shape analysis expands the possibilities for individual identification and the detection of the biological affinity of individuals for both the forensic sciences and bioarchaeology.
摘要：
在法医方面，胸骨解剖品种代表了识别个体的有用工具，通过比较验尸前和验尸后的数据，或者通过对生物相关个体数据的潜在比较。胸骨体变异也用于检测生物考古学中个体的生物亲和力。然而,迄今为止,还没有关于胸骨体整体形状在多大程度上反映生物学相关性的研究.我们,因此,分析了已知家谱数据的10个人的胸骨体形，一个家族的成员超过三代，包括近亲繁殖的个体(19-20世纪，波西米亚,捷克共和国),和12个生物学无关个体的对照样本。首先,根据表达胸骨形态特征的10个变量，将生物学密切相关的个体与无关个体进行比较，然后根据他们的关系程度，根据傅立叶分析对所有个体进行比较。结果表明，与生物相关的个体比与无关的个体具有更大的形状相似性，变异性随着相关度的增加而降低。近交系个体显示出最低的胸骨形状距离和变异程度，而不相关的个体,显示出最高的距离和变异性。此外，在某些情况下,所记录的关系也得到了骨化和融合的剑突的相似形态的支持.因此，胸骨形状分析扩展了个体识别和检测个体的生物亲和力的可能性，这对于法医学和生物考古学都是如此。
