Abstract：
At the early stage of a major public health emergency outbreak, there exists an imbalance between supply and demand in the distribution of emergency supplies. To improve the efficiency of emergency medical service equipment and relieve the treatment pressure of each medical treatment point, one of the most important factors is the emergency medical equipment logistics distribution. Based on the actual data of medical equipment demand during the epidemic and the characteristics of emergencies, this study proposed an evaluation index system for emergency medical equipment demand point urgency, based on the number of patients, the number of available inpatient beds, and other influencing factors as the index. An urban emergency medical equipment distribution model considering the urgency of demand, the distribution time window, and vehicle load was constructed with the constraints. Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, at the beginning of the outbreak was selected as a validation example, and the Criteria Importance Though Intercriteria Correlation (CRITIC) method and the genetic algorithm were used to simulate and validate the model with and without considering the demand urgency. The results show that under the public health emergencies, the distribution path designed to respond to different levels of urgency demand for medical equipment is the most efficient path and reduces the total distribution cost by 5%.
摘要：
重大突发公共卫生事件暴发初期,应急物资的分配存在供需失衡。提高急救医疗服务设备的使用效率,缓解各医疗点的治疗压力,其中最重要的因素是急救医疗设备的物流配送。根据疫情期间医疗设备需求的实际数据和突发事件的特点,本研究提出了应急医疗设备需求点紧迫性评价指标体系,根据患者的数量，可用的住院病床数量，等影响因素作为指标。考虑需求紧迫性的城市急救医疗设备配送模式,分发时间窗口，车辆荷载是在约束条件下构造的。武汉,湖北省,中国,在爆发开始时被选为验证示例，和标准重要性尽管标准间相关性（CRITIC）方法和遗传算法被用来模拟和验证模型，考虑和不考虑需求的紧迫性。结果表明,突发公共卫生事件下,针对不同紧急程度的医疗设备需求而设计的配送路径是最有效的路径，可将总配送成本降低5%。
