Abstract：
Skin diseases are common in children. However, the prevalence of childhood skin diseases in Japan has not been reported extensively. In this study, dermatologists conducted face-to-face examinations of primary school children over a 10-year period to determine the prevalence of each skin disease. Atopic dermatitis (AD, 12.3%) was the most common disease among first graders, followed by eczema other than AD (9.7%), molluscum contagiosum (1.9%), and verruca vulgaris (1.1%). Among sixth graders, acne vulgaris was most common (9.6%), followed by AD (8.9%), eczema other than AD (6.7%), and verruca vulgaris (3.1%). The prevalence of AD remained stable among first graders after 2010, at approximately 10%-15%, but it increased slightly among sixth graders. Of the 87 children who had AD in first grade, 51 (58.6%) were in remission in sixth grade. On the other hand, AD was diagnosed in 30 (4.5%) sixth graders who had been among the 665 children who did not have it in first grade. The more severe the symptoms were in first grade, the more likely a child was to still have AD in sixth grade, and the more severe the later symptoms tended to be. This study investigated recent trends in skin diseases in Japanese primary school children and found that the prevalence of some skin diseases differed between first and sixth graders. It was also found that children with moderate AD in first grade were more likely to be moderate in sixth grade than those with mild AD.
摘要：
皮肤病在儿童中很常见。然而,日本儿童皮肤病的患病率尚未得到广泛报道。在这项研究中,皮肤科医生对小学生进行了为期10年的面对面检查，以确定每种皮肤病的患病率。特应性皮炎（AD，12.3%)是一年级学生中最常见的疾病，其次是除AD以外的湿疹(9.7%)，传染性软疣(1.9%),和寻常疣(1.1%)。在六年级学生中，寻常痤疮最常见(9.6%),其次是AD(8.9%)，除AD外的湿疹（6.7％），和寻常疣(3.1%)。2010年后，一年级学生AD的患病率保持稳定，约为10％-15％，但在六年级学生中略有增加。在一年级的87名患有AD的儿童中，51（58.6%）在六年级缓解。另一方面,在665名一年级没有AD的儿童中，有30名（4.5％）六年级学生被诊断出AD。一年级时症状越严重，一个孩子在六年级时仍然患有AD的可能性越大，后期症状越严重。这项研究调查了日本小学生皮肤病的最新趋势，发现某些皮肤病的患病率在一年级和六年级之间有所不同。还发现，一年级中度AD的儿童比轻度AD的儿童更可能在六年级变得中度。
