Abstract：
Aggressive invasiveness is a common feature of malignant gliomas, despite their high level of tumor heterogeneity and possible diverse cell origins. Therefore, it is important to explore new therapeutic methods. In this study, we evaluated and compared the effects of graphene (GN) and reduced graphene oxides (rGOs) on a highly invasive and neoplastic cell line, U87. The surface functional groups of the GN and rGO flakes were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The antitumor activity of these flakes was obtained by using the neutral red assay and their anti-migratory activity was determined using the wound healing assay. Further, we investigated the mRNA and protein expression levels of important cell adhesion molecules involved in migration and invasiveness. The rGO flakes, particularly rGO/ATS and rGO/TUD, were found highly toxic. The migration potential of both U87 and Hs5 cells decreased, especially after rGO/TUD treatment. A post-treatment decrease in mobility and FAK expression was observed in U87 cells treated with rGO/ATS and rGO/TUD flakes. The rGO/TUD treatment also reduced β-catenin expression in U87 cells. Our results suggest that rGO flakes reduce the migration and invasiveness of U87 tumor cells and can, thus, be used as potential antitumor agents.
摘要：
侵袭性是恶性胶质瘤的共同特征，尽管它们具有高水平的肿瘤异质性和可能的不同细胞来源。因此,探索新的治疗方法很重要。在这项研究中,我们评估和比较了石墨烯（GN）和还原氧化石墨烯（rGO）对高侵袭性和肿瘤细胞系的影响，U87通过X射线光电子能谱表征GN和rGO薄片的表面官能团。通过使用中性红测定法获得这些薄片的抗肿瘤活性，并使用伤口愈合测定法确定其抗迁移活性。Further,我们研究了与迁移和侵袭有关的重要细胞粘附分子的mRNA和蛋白质表达水平。rGO片，特别是rGO/ATS和rGO/TUD，被发现有剧毒.U87和Hs5细胞的迁移潜能均下降，尤其是rGO/TUD治疗后。在用rGO/ATS和rGO/TUD薄片处理的U87细胞中观察到处理后迁移率和FAK表达的降低。rGO/TUD处理还降低了U87细胞中的β-连环蛋白表达。我们的结果表明，rGO片降低了U87肿瘤细胞的迁移和侵袭力，因此，用作潜在的抗肿瘤药物。
