Abstract：
Uterine fibroids (UFs) are the most common benign tumors of female genital diseases, unlike uterine leiomyosarcoma (LMS), a rare and aggressive uterine cancer. This narrative review aims to discuss the biology and diagnosis of LMS and, at the same time, their differential diagnosis, in order to distinguish the biological and molecular origins. The authors performed a Medline and PubMed search for the years 1990-2022 using a combination of keywords on the topics to highlight the many genes and proteins involved in the pathogenesis of LMS. The mutation of these genes, in addition to the altered expression and functions of their enzymes, are potentially biomarkers of uterine LMS. Thus, the use of this molecular and protein information could favor differential diagnosis and personalized therapy based on the molecular characteristics of LMS tissue, leading to timely diagnoses and potential better outcomes for patients.
摘要：
子宫肌瘤(UFs)是女性生殖器疾病中最常见的良性肿瘤,与子宫平滑肌肉瘤（LMS）不同，一种罕见的侵袭性子宫癌.这篇叙述性综述旨在讨论LMS的生物学和诊断，同时,他们的鉴别诊断，为了区分生物和分子起源。作者在1990-2022年间进行了Medline和PubMed搜索，使用该主题的关键词组合来强调LMS发病机理中涉及的许多基因和蛋白质。这些基因的突变,除了它们的酶的表达和功能改变之外，是子宫LMS的潜在生物标志物。因此，这种分子和蛋白质信息的使用可以有利于基于LMS组织的分子特征的鉴别诊断和个性化治疗，导致及时诊断和潜在的更好的结果为患者。
