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Abstract：
Ammonia nitrogen tolerance is an economically important trait of the farmed penaeid shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. To identify the genes associated with ammonia nitrogen tolerance, we performed an extreme phenotype genome-wide association study method (XP-GWAS) on a population of 200 individuals. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping array method was used to construct the libraries and 36,048 SNPs were genotyped. Using the MLM, FarmCPU and Blink models, six different SNPs, located on SEQ3, SEQ4, SEQ5, SEQ7 and SEQ8, were determined to be significantly associated with ammonia nitrogen tolerance. By integrating the results of the GWAS and the biological functions of the genes, seven candidate genes (PDI, OZF, UPF2, VPS16, TMEM19, MYCBP2, and HOX7) were found to be associated with ammonia nitrogen tolerance in L. vannamei. These genes are involved in cell transcription, cell division, metabolism, and immunity, providing the basis for further study of the genetic mechanisms of ammonia nitrogen tolerance in L. vannamei. Further candidate gene association analysis in the offspring population revealed that the SNPs in the genes zinc finger protein OZF-like (OZF) and homeobox protein Hox-B7-like (HOX7) were significantly associated with ammonia nitrogen tolerance trait of L. vannamei. Our results provide fundamental genetic information that will be useful for further investigation of the molecular mechanisms of ammonia nitrogen tolerance. These associated SNPs may also be promising candidates for improving ammonia nitrogen tolerance in L. vannamei.
摘要：
氨氮耐受性是养殖对虾凡纳滨对虾的重要经济性状。为了鉴定与氨氮耐受性相关的基因，我们对200例个体进行了极端表型全基因组关联研究方法(XP-GWAS).采用单核苷酸多态性（SNP）基因分型阵列方法构建文库，对36,048个SNP进行基因分型。使用MLM，FarmCPU和Blink模型，六个不同的SNP，位于SEQ3，SEQ4，SEQ5，SEQ7和SEQ8，被确定为与氨氮耐受性显着相关。通过整合GWAS的结果和基因的生物学功能，七个候选基因(PDI，OZF,UPF2，VPS16，TMEM19，MYCBP2和HOX7）被发现与凡纳滨对虾的氨氮耐受性有关。这些基因参与细胞转录，细胞分裂,新陈代谢，和豁免权,为进一步研究南美白对虾耐氨氮的遗传机制提供依据。在后代群体中进一步的候选基因关联分析显示，锌指蛋白OZF样（OZF）和同源异型盒蛋白Hox-B7样（HOX7）基因中的SNP与南美白对虾耐氨氮性状显着相关。我们的结果提供了基本的遗传信息，将有助于进一步研究氨氮耐受的分子机制。这些相关的SNP也可能是改善凡纳滨对虾氨氮耐受性的有希望的候选者。
