Abstract：
Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) is a condition with local and referred pain characterized by trigger points (taut bands within the muscle). Ischemic compression is a noninvasive manual therapy technique that has been employed for the treatment of MPS in past decades. However, little attention has been devoted to this topic.
The present review was designed to explore the efficacy of ischemic compression for myofascial pain syndrome by performing a descriptive systematic review and a meta-analysis to estimate the effect of ischemic compression on MPS.
A systematic review and meta-analysis concerning randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with myofascial pain subjects who received ischemic compression versus placebo, sham, or usual interventions. Five databases (PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, Ovid) were searched from the earliest data available to 2022.1.2. The standardized mean difference (SMD) and the 95% confidence interval (CI) were used for statistics. Version 2 of the Cochrane risk of tool 2 (RoB 2) was used to assess the quality of the included RCTs.
Seventeen studies were included in the systematic review, and 15 studies were included in the meta-analysis. For the pressure pain threshold (PPT) index, 11 studies and 427 subjects demonstrated statistically significant differences compared with the control at posttreatment (SMD = 0.67, 95% CI [0.35, 0.98], P < 0.0001, I2 = 59%). For visual analog scale (VAS) or numeric rating scale (NRS) indices, 7 studies and 251 subjects demonstrated that there was no significant difference between ischemic compression and controls posttreatment (SMD = - 0.22, 95% CI [- 0.53, 0.09], P = 0.16, I2 = 33%).
Ischemic compression, as a conservative and noninvasive therapy, only enhanced tolerance to pain in MPS subjects compared with inactive control. Furthermore, there was no evidence of benefit for self-reported pain. The number of currently included subjects was relatively small, so the conclusion may be changed by future studies. Big scale RCTs with more subjects will be critical in future.
The present review was designed to explore the efficacy of ischemic compression for myofascial pain syndrome by performing a descriptive systematic review and a meta-analysis to estimate the effect of ischemic compression on MPS.
A systematic review and meta-analysis concerning randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with myofascial pain subjects who received ischemic compression versus placebo, sham, or usual interventions. Five databases (PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, Ovid) were searched from the earliest data available to 2022.1.2. The standardized mean difference (SMD) and the 95% confidence interval (CI) were used for statistics. Version 2 of the Cochrane risk of tool 2 (RoB 2) was used to assess the quality of the included RCTs.
Seventeen studies were included in the systematic review, and 15 studies were included in the meta-analysis. For the pressure pain threshold (PPT) index, 11 studies and 427 subjects demonstrated statistically significant differences compared with the control at posttreatment (SMD = 0.67, 95% CI [0.35, 0.98], P < 0.0001, I2 = 59%). For visual analog scale (VAS) or numeric rating scale (NRS) indices, 7 studies and 251 subjects demonstrated that there was no significant difference between ischemic compression and controls posttreatment (SMD = - 0.22, 95% CI [- 0.53, 0.09], P = 0.16, I2 = 33%).
Ischemic compression, as a conservative and noninvasive therapy, only enhanced tolerance to pain in MPS subjects compared with inactive control. Furthermore, there was no evidence of benefit for self-reported pain. The number of currently included subjects was relatively small, so the conclusion may be changed by future studies. Big scale RCTs with more subjects will be critical in future.
摘要：
肌筋膜疼痛综合征（MPS）是一种以触发点（肌肉内的拉紧带）为特征的局部和所指疼痛。缺血压迫是一种无创的手动治疗技术，在过去的几十年中已用于治疗MPS。然而,很少有人关注这个话题。
本综述旨在通过描述性系统综述和荟萃分析来评估缺血性压迫对MPS的影响，探讨缺血性压迫对肌筋膜疼痛综合征的疗效。
一项关于肌筋膜疼痛患者接受缺血性压迫和安慰剂的随机对照试验（RCT）的系统评价和荟萃分析，sham,或常规干预措施。五个数据库(PubMed，科克伦图书馆,Embase,WebofScience,Ovid）是从2022.1.2年可用的最早数据中搜索的。采用标准化平均差(SMD)和95%置信区间(CI)进行统计。使用Cochrane风险工具2（RoB2）的第2版评估纳入的随机对照试验的质量。
系统评价中纳入了17项研究，15项研究纳入荟萃分析.对于压力痛阈值（PPT）指数，11项研究和427名受试者在治疗后与对照组相比具有统计学上的显着差异（SMD=0.67，95％CI[0.35，0.98]，P<0.0001,I2=59%)。对于视觉模拟量表(VAS)或数字评定量表(NRS)指数，7项研究和251名受试者表明，缺血性压迫和对照组治疗后没有显着差异（SMD=-0.22，95％CI[-0.53，0.09]，P=0.16，I2=33%）。
缺血性压迫,作为一种保守的非侵入性治疗，与不活动对照相比，MPS受试者对疼痛的耐受性仅增强。此外，自我报告的疼痛没有获益的证据.目前纳入的受试者数量相对较少，因此，结论可能会被未来的研究所改变。具有更多学科的大规模RCT在未来将是至关重要的。
本综述旨在通过描述性系统综述和荟萃分析来评估缺血性压迫对MPS的影响，探讨缺血性压迫对肌筋膜疼痛综合征的疗效。
一项关于肌筋膜疼痛患者接受缺血性压迫和安慰剂的随机对照试验（RCT）的系统评价和荟萃分析，sham,或常规干预措施。五个数据库(PubMed，科克伦图书馆,Embase,WebofScience,Ovid）是从2022.1.2年可用的最早数据中搜索的。采用标准化平均差(SMD)和95%置信区间(CI)进行统计。使用Cochrane风险工具2（RoB2）的第2版评估纳入的随机对照试验的质量。
系统评价中纳入了17项研究，15项研究纳入荟萃分析.对于压力痛阈值（PPT）指数，11项研究和427名受试者在治疗后与对照组相比具有统计学上的显着差异（SMD=0.67，95％CI[0.35，0.98]，P<0.0001,I2=59%)。对于视觉模拟量表(VAS)或数字评定量表(NRS)指数，7项研究和251名受试者表明，缺血性压迫和对照组治疗后没有显着差异（SMD=-0.22，95％CI[-0.53，0.09]，P=0.16，I2=33%）。
缺血性压迫,作为一种保守的非侵入性治疗，与不活动对照相比，MPS受试者对疼痛的耐受性仅增强。此外，自我报告的疼痛没有获益的证据.目前纳入的受试者数量相对较少，因此，结论可能会被未来的研究所改变。具有更多学科的大规模RCT在未来将是至关重要的。
