Abstract：
With the advent of computed tomographic interrogation, it is increasingly frequent to find venous channels that provide direct connections between the pulmonary and systemic veins. These channels, before the introduction of three-dimensional techniques for clinical imaging, were usually found providing an \"overflow\" for the obstructed left atrium in settings such as hypoplastic left heart syndrome, or divided left atrium. Similar channels, however, had been described almost 100 years ago, with one accurately described as a jugulo-pulmonary vein. Nowadays, however, it is much more usual to find the channels described as levoatrial cardinal veins, even though it is recognized that they are not \"levo,\" often not \"atrial,\" and for sure not \"cardinal.\" In this review, we assemble the evidence supporting the notion that they are better considered as pulmonary-to-systemic collateral channels. We emphasize their similarity, in terms of development, to the sinus venosus and coronary sinus defects.
摘要：
随着计算机断层扫描询问的出现，越来越频繁地发现在肺静脉和全身静脉之间提供直接连接的静脉通道。这些频道,在引入三维临床成像技术之前，通常被发现在诸如左心发育不全综合征的情况下为阻塞的左心房提供“溢出”，或左心房分裂。类似的频道，然而,已经描述了将近100年前，其中一个被准确描述为颈肺静脉。如今,然而,更常见的是找到被描述为左心房主静脉的通道，即使人们认识到他们不是\"Levo,“经常不”心房，“当然不是”红衣主教。“在这次审查中，我们收集了支持以下观点的证据,即它们更好地被视为肺至全身的侧支通道.我们强调它们的相似性,在发展方面,静脉窦和冠状窦缺损.
