Abstract：
Worldwide, artificial reefs are being installed to simultaneously attract recreational divers and protect deteriorating natural reefs. This study uses a bibliometric review of artificial coral reefs to identify five clusters as gate criteria for artificial reef design. These clusters enable the conceptualization and testing of artificial reefs for optimum integration of sociotechnical requirements, biological integrity, and ecological marine health. The five clusters are: (1) applications, solutions, and performance; (2) management, technology, and science; (3) calcification, biomineralization, chemistry, and ocean acidification; (4) coral species survival, mortality, and photosynthesis; and (5) artificial reef development, and coral and fish recruitment. The six biomimicry design stages are: define, biologize, discover, abstract, emulate, and evaluate. The 3D printing and hard corals design attracted a large number of planula larvae and different inhabitant corals, and a high species diversity in the surrounding waters. Practical implications include biomimicry-based means for coral reef restoration and recreational ecosystem services.
摘要：
全球,正在安装人工鱼礁，以同时吸引休闲潜水员并保护恶化的天然鱼礁。本研究使用人工珊瑚礁的文献计量学综述，确定了五个簇作为人工珊瑚礁设计的门标准。这些集群可以对人工鱼礁进行概念化和测试，以实现社会技术要求的最佳整合，生物完整性,生态海洋健康。这五个集群是：(1)应用程序，解决方案,和绩效；(2)管理，技术,和科学；(3)钙化，生物矿化，化学,和海洋酸化；(4)珊瑚物种的生存，死亡率,和光合作用；(5)人工鱼礁开发，珊瑚和鱼类招募。六个仿生设计阶段是：定义，生物化，发现,abstract,模仿，和评估。3D打印和硬珊瑚设计吸引了大量的扁平幼虫和不同的居民珊瑚，以及周围水域的高度物种多样性。实际意义包括基于生物仿生的珊瑚礁恢复和娱乐生态系统服务手段。
