Abstract：
Failing to balance developmental considerations of the urbanization level (UL) and ecosystem services (ESs) causes issues such as land degradation and social conflict, presenting significant challenges for regional sustainable development. Although numerous studies reported the relationship between UL and ESs, only a few have explored the coupling coordination relationship between urbanization subsystems and ESs from a multidimensional perspective. This study aimed to measure the spatiotemporal characteristics of UL and ESs in Hunan Province from 2000 to 2018 using statistical data and remote sensing monitoring data regarding land use. The multidimensional coupling coordination relationship between urbanization systems and ESs was analyzed using a coupling coordination degree (CCD) model. The results showed that the UL of Hunan Province increased from 2000 to 2018, was spatially high in the east and low in the west, and extended outward from city centers. The average ecosystem services value (ESV) in Hunan Province showed a decreasing trend with some fluctuation. The average ESV in mountainous areas and lake areas was higher than that in the areas surrounding major urban agglomerations. Although the overall CCD between UL and ESs in Hunan Province increased during the study period and entered the coordination stage, the degree of coupling coordination between urbanization subsystems and ESs varied greatly. Thus, the findings of the present study can support the formulation of policies for ecosystem protection and sustainable urbanization in Hunan Province.
摘要：
未能平衡城市化水平（UL）和生态系统服务（ESs）的发展考虑会导致土地退化和社会冲突等问题，区域可持续发展面临重大挑战。尽管许多研究报道了UL和ESs之间的关系，只有少数人从多维视角探讨了城市化子系统与ESs之间的耦合协调关系。利用土地利用统计数据和遥感监测数据,对湖南省2000-2018年UL和ESs时空特征进行测度。利用耦合协调度(CCD)模型分析了城市化系统与ESs之间的多维耦合协调关系。结果表明,湖南省UL指数从2000年到2018年上升,空间上东部高,西部低,从市中心向外延伸。湖南省平均生态系统服务价值（ESV）呈下降趋势，但有一定的波动。山区和湖区的平均ESV高于主要城市群周围地区。尽管在研究期间湖南省UL和ESs之间的总体CCD增加并进入协调阶段，城市化子系统与ESs之间的耦合协调程度差异很大。因此，本研究结果可为湖南省生态系统保护和可持续城市化政策的制定提供支持。
