Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate pelvic floor muscle strength using surface electromyography and risk factors for pelvic floor muscle strength in the early postpartum period.
METHODS: This retrospective study included 21,302 participants who visited Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital from September 2019 to February 2022. All participants were assessed by medical professionals for general information and surface electromyography.
RESULTS: Univariate analysis indicated that age was inversely related to tonic and endurance contractions. In contrast, all the other variables, including education level, body mass index, neonatal weight, and number of fetuses, had a positive impact on rapid, tonic, and endurance contractions. Likewise, parity was also positively associated with rapid contractions. In addition, compared with vaginal delivery, cesarean section delivery had a protective effect on the amplitude of the three types of contractions. Stepwise regression analysis showed that both age and neonatal weight had a negative linear relationship with the amplitude of rapid, tonic and endurance contractions. In contrast, the amplitude of rapid, tonic and endurance contractions significantly increased as body mass index, parity (≤ 3), education level and gestational weight gain (endurance contractions only) increased. Participants with cesarean section delivery showed positive effects on rapid, tonic, and endurance contractions compared to participants with vaginal delivery.
CONCLUSIONS: We found that age, neonatal weight, vaginal delivery, episiotomy, and forceps delivery were risk factors for pelvic floor muscle strength; in contrast, body mass index, parity (≤ 3) and gestational weight gain had a positive relationship with pelvic floor muscle strength.
METHODS: This retrospective study included 21,302 participants who visited Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital from September 2019 to February 2022. All participants were assessed by medical professionals for general information and surface electromyography.
RESULTS: Univariate analysis indicated that age was inversely related to tonic and endurance contractions. In contrast, all the other variables, including education level, body mass index, neonatal weight, and number of fetuses, had a positive impact on rapid, tonic, and endurance contractions. Likewise, parity was also positively associated with rapid contractions. In addition, compared with vaginal delivery, cesarean section delivery had a protective effect on the amplitude of the three types of contractions. Stepwise regression analysis showed that both age and neonatal weight had a negative linear relationship with the amplitude of rapid, tonic and endurance contractions. In contrast, the amplitude of rapid, tonic and endurance contractions significantly increased as body mass index, parity (≤ 3), education level and gestational weight gain (endurance contractions only) increased. Participants with cesarean section delivery showed positive effects on rapid, tonic, and endurance contractions compared to participants with vaginal delivery.
CONCLUSIONS: We found that age, neonatal weight, vaginal delivery, episiotomy, and forceps delivery were risk factors for pelvic floor muscle strength; in contrast, body mass index, parity (≤ 3) and gestational weight gain had a positive relationship with pelvic floor muscle strength.
摘要：
目的：使用表面肌电图评估产后早期盆底肌力的危险因素。
方法：这项回顾性研究包括2019年9月至2022年2月在福建省妇幼保健院就诊的21,302名参与者。所有参与者均由医学专业人员评估一般信息和表面肌电图。
结果：单变量分析表明，年龄与强直和耐力收缩呈负相关。相比之下,所有其他变量，包括教育水平，身体质量指数,新生儿体重,和胎儿的数量，对快速，补品,和耐力收缩。同样，均等也与快速收缩呈正相关.此外,与阴道分娩相比，剖宫产分娩对三种类型的宫缩幅度有保护作用.逐步回归分析显示,年龄和新生儿体重与快速,补品和耐力收缩。相比之下,迅速的振幅，随着体重指数的增加，强直和耐力收缩显着增加，奇偶校验(≤3)，教育水平和妊娠期体重增加（仅耐力收缩）增加。剖宫产分娩的参与者对快速，补品,与阴道分娩的参与者相比，耐力收缩。
结论：我们发现年龄，新生儿体重,阴道分娩,会阴切开术,和镊子分娩是盆底肌力的危险因素；相反，身体质量指数,胎次(≤3)和妊娠期体重增加与盆底肌力呈正相关。
方法：这项回顾性研究包括2019年9月至2022年2月在福建省妇幼保健院就诊的21,302名参与者。所有参与者均由医学专业人员评估一般信息和表面肌电图。
结果：单变量分析表明，年龄与强直和耐力收缩呈负相关。相比之下,所有其他变量，包括教育水平，身体质量指数,新生儿体重,和胎儿的数量，对快速，补品,和耐力收缩。同样，均等也与快速收缩呈正相关.此外,与阴道分娩相比，剖宫产分娩对三种类型的宫缩幅度有保护作用.逐步回归分析显示,年龄和新生儿体重与快速,补品和耐力收缩。相比之下,迅速的振幅，随着体重指数的增加，强直和耐力收缩显着增加，奇偶校验(≤3)，教育水平和妊娠期体重增加（仅耐力收缩）增加。剖宫产分娩的参与者对快速，补品,与阴道分娩的参与者相比，耐力收缩。
结论：我们发现年龄，新生儿体重,阴道分娩,会阴切开术,和镊子分娩是盆底肌力的危险因素；相反，身体质量指数,胎次(≤3)和妊娠期体重增加与盆底肌力呈正相关。
