Abstract：
Bacillus subtilis is a Gram-positive bacterium that has gained an unprecedented reputation as an expression system at the industrial scale due to characteristics such as GRAS (Generally recognized as safe), ease of genetic manipulation, high growth rate on the cheap substrate, and short fermentation cycle. This expression system has been widely accepted for the production of various chemicals, pharmaceutical products, food products, proteins, and enzymes. But there are various hurdles to optimized production of heterologous protein in this expression system due to a lack of understanding regarding metabolic pathways and expression elements. In this review, we have emphasized strategies that can enhance the expression level of heterologous proteins in B. subtilis. These strategies included optimization of B. Subtilis strain, expression elements such as promotors, UTR (Untranslated region), RBS (Ribosome binding site), signal peptide, and metabolic pathways. Finally, contemporary challenges and future perspectives of B. subtilis as an industrial scale expression system were discussed.
摘要：
枯草芽孢杆菌是一种革兰氏阳性细菌，由于GRAS（通常被认为是安全的）等特征，在工业规模上获得了前所未有的表达系统声誉。易于遗传操作，在廉价的基质上的高生长速率，发酵周期短。这种表达系统已被广泛接受用于生产各种化学品，医药产品,食品,蛋白质，和酶。但是由于缺乏关于代谢途径和表达元件的理解,在该表达系统中优化异源蛋白的生产存在各种障碍。在这次审查中,我们强调了可以增强枯草芽孢杆菌中异源蛋白表达水平的策略。这些策略包括优化枯草芽孢杆菌菌株，表达式元素，如启动子，UTR（未翻译区域），RBS（核糖体结合位点），信号肽，和代谢途径。最后,讨论了枯草芽孢杆菌作为工业规模表达系统的当代挑战和未来前景。
