PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
UNASSIGNED: Morbidity and mortality associated with pesticide poisoning is a major public health issue, especially in lower and middle income countries, including India. Timely understanding of poisoning trends is required for improved prevention. The objective of the present study was to analyze the trend of poisoning cases in Ahmedabad, India in the period of 2015-2017.
UNASSIGNED: Detailed history, including demographic data, risk factors, poisoning history, agents involved, and occupational influence were collected for poisoning cases reported to the Poison Information Centre in Ahmedabad. Cholinesterase activity and HPTLC method for detection of sanguinarine in urine were used to investigate the agents of poisoning. Non-parametric tests, such as Chi-square test and Mann-Whitney U Test were applied to test statistical significance between the groups. All statistical analysis was carried out using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 26.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.
UNASSIGNED: A total 1373 poisoning cases were investigated. The incidence and fatality rate was found to be higher in males compared to females (M/F ratio 1.89:1). About 91.62% of the poisoning were through the oral route. Erythrocyte cholinesterase activity assay results indicated that 41.29% of the cases were due to organophosphorus/carbamate poisoning. Insecticides were found to be the agent of poisoning in 26.29% cases, and 11.07% of all the cases were agricultural workers. Poisoning with medications, household pesticides and chemicals were also reported. Few cases of food poisoning with sanguinarine were detected.
UNASSIGNED: The data presented here suggest that pesticides used for agriculture are the major source of poisonings. Implementation of usage guidelines, educating farmers and vulnerable population, and finding novel alternatives for highly toxic chemicals may be helpful in decreasing the number of poisoning cases.
UNASSIGNED: Detailed history, including demographic data, risk factors, poisoning history, agents involved, and occupational influence were collected for poisoning cases reported to the Poison Information Centre in Ahmedabad. Cholinesterase activity and HPTLC method for detection of sanguinarine in urine were used to investigate the agents of poisoning. Non-parametric tests, such as Chi-square test and Mann-Whitney U Test were applied to test statistical significance between the groups. All statistical analysis was carried out using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 26.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.
UNASSIGNED: A total 1373 poisoning cases were investigated. The incidence and fatality rate was found to be higher in males compared to females (M/F ratio 1.89:1). About 91.62% of the poisoning were through the oral route. Erythrocyte cholinesterase activity assay results indicated that 41.29% of the cases were due to organophosphorus/carbamate poisoning. Insecticides were found to be the agent of poisoning in 26.29% cases, and 11.07% of all the cases were agricultural workers. Poisoning with medications, household pesticides and chemicals were also reported. Few cases of food poisoning with sanguinarine were detected.
UNASSIGNED: The data presented here suggest that pesticides used for agriculture are the major source of poisonings. Implementation of usage guidelines, educating farmers and vulnerable population, and finding novel alternatives for highly toxic chemicals may be helpful in decreasing the number of poisoning cases.
摘要：
与农药中毒相关的发病率和死亡率是一个主要的公共卫生问题，尤其是在中低收入国家，包括印度。需要及时了解中毒趋势，以改善预防。本研究的目的是分析艾哈迈德达巴德中毒病例的趋势，印度在2015-2017年期间。
■详细的历史记录，包括人口统计数据，危险因素，中毒史,涉案人员,和职业影响被收集到的中毒病例报告在Ahmedabad毒物信息中心。胆碱酯酶活性和HPTLC检测尿液中血根碱的方法用于研究中毒因素。非参数检验，采用卡方检验和Mann-WhitneyU检验等检验组间的统计学显著性.所有统计分析均使用IBMSPSSStatisticsforWindows进行，版本26.0。Armonk,纽约：IBM公司
■共调查了1373例中毒病例。发现男性的发病率和死亡率高于女性（M/F比为1.89：1）。约91.62％的中毒是通过口服途径。红细胞胆碱酯酶活性测定结果表明，41.29％的病例是由于有机磷/氨基甲酸酯中毒。在26.29%的病例中发现杀虫剂是中毒剂,其中11.07%为农业工人。用药物中毒，还报告了家用杀虫剂和化学品。很少发现血根碱食物中毒。
■此处提供的数据表明，用于农业的农药是中毒的主要来源。执行使用指南，教育农民和弱势群体，寻找高毒性化学物质的新替代品可能有助于减少中毒病例的数量。
■详细的历史记录，包括人口统计数据，危险因素，中毒史,涉案人员,和职业影响被收集到的中毒病例报告在Ahmedabad毒物信息中心。胆碱酯酶活性和HPTLC检测尿液中血根碱的方法用于研究中毒因素。非参数检验，采用卡方检验和Mann-WhitneyU检验等检验组间的统计学显著性.所有统计分析均使用IBMSPSSStatisticsforWindows进行，版本26.0。Armonk,纽约：IBM公司
■共调查了1373例中毒病例。发现男性的发病率和死亡率高于女性（M/F比为1.89：1）。约91.62％的中毒是通过口服途径。红细胞胆碱酯酶活性测定结果表明，41.29％的病例是由于有机磷/氨基甲酸酯中毒。在26.29%的病例中发现杀虫剂是中毒剂,其中11.07%为农业工人。用药物中毒，还报告了家用杀虫剂和化学品。很少发现血根碱食物中毒。
■此处提供的数据表明，用于农业的农药是中毒的主要来源。执行使用指南，教育农民和弱势群体，寻找高毒性化学物质的新替代品可能有助于减少中毒病例的数量。
