Abstract：
Acute illnesses affecting the respiratory tract are common and form a significant component of the work of Sport and Exercise Medicine (SEM) clinicians. Acute respiratory illness (ARill) can broadly be classified as non-infective ARill and acute respiratory infections (ARinf). The aim of this consensus is to provide the SEM clinician with an overview and practical clinical approach to ARinf in athletes. The International Olympic Committee (IOC) Medical and Scientific Commission appointed an international consensus group to review ARill (non-infective ARill and ARinf) in athletes. Six subgroups of the IOC Consensus group were initially established to review the following key areas of ARill in athletes: (1) epidemiology/risk factors for ARill, (2) ARinf, (3) non-infective ARill including ARill due to environmental exposure, (4) acute asthma and related conditions, (5) effects of ARill on exercise/sports performance, medical complications/return-to-sport and (6) acute nasal/vocal cord dysfunction presenting as ARill. Several systematic and narrative reviews were conducted by IOC consensus subgroups, and these then formed the basis of sections in the consensus documents. Drafting and internal review of sections were allocated to \'core\' members of the consensus group, and an advanced draft of the consensus document was discussed during a meeting of the main consensus core group in Lausanne, Switzerland on 11 to 12 October 2021. Final edits were completed after the meeting. This consensus document (part 1) focusses on ARinf, which accounts for the majority of ARill in athletes. The first section of this consensus proposes a set of definitions and classifications of ARinf in athletes to standardise future data collection and reporting. The remainder of the consensus paper examines a wide range of clinical considerations related to ARinf in athletes: epidemiology, risk factors, pathology/pathophysiology, clinical presentation and diagnosis, management, prevention, medical considerations, risks of infection during exercise, effects of infection on exercise/sports performance and return-to-sport guidelines.
摘要：
影响呼吸道的急性疾病很常见，并且是运动和运动医学（SEM）临床医生工作的重要组成部分。急性呼吸道疾病（ARill）可大致分为非感染性ARill和急性呼吸道感染（ARinf）。这一共识的目的是为SEM临床医生提供运动员ARinf的概述和实用的临床方法。国际奥委会（IOC）医学和科学委员会任命了一个国际共识小组，以审查运动员中的ARill（非感染性ARill和ARinf）。最初建立了国际奥委会共识小组的六个小组，以审查运动员中ARill的以下关键领域：（1）ARill的流行病学/危险因素，(2)ARinf,（3）非感染性ARill，包括环境暴露引起的ARill，（4）急性哮喘和相关疾病，（5）ARill对运动/运动表现的影响，医疗并发症/恢复运动和（6）急性鼻/声带功能障碍表现为ARill。国际奥委会共识分组进行了几次系统和叙述性的审查，这些构成了共识文件部分的基础。各节的起草和内部审查已分配给共识小组的“核心”成员，在洛桑举行的主要共识核心小组会议上讨论了共识文件的高级草案，2021年10月11日至12日，瑞士。会议结束后完成了最终编辑。这份共识文件(第一部分)侧重于ARinf，这占了运动员中大多数的ARILL。本共识的第一部分提出了运动员ARinf的一组定义和分类，以规范未来的数据收集和报告。共识论文的其余部分研究了与运动员ARinf相关的广泛临床考虑因素：流行病学，危险因素，病理学/病理生理学，临床表现和诊断，管理,预防,医学考虑,运动期间感染的风险，感染对运动/运动表现和恢复运动指南的影响。
