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Abstract：
The evolution of viral variants and their impact on viral transmission have been an area of considerable importance in this pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We analyzed the viral variants in different phases of the pandemic in West Bengal, a state in India that is important geographically, and compared the variants with other states like Delhi, Maharashtra, and Karnataka, located in other regions of the country. We have identified 57 pango-lineages in 3,198 SARS-CoV-2 genomes, alteration in their distribution, as well as contrasting profiles of amino acid mutational dynamics across different waves in different states. The evolving characteristics of Delta (B.1.617.2) sublineages and alterations in hydrophobicity profiles of the viral proteins caused by these mutations were also studied. Additionally, implications of predictive host miRNA binding/unbinding to emerging spike or nucleocapsid mutations were highlighted. Our results throw considerable light on interesting aspects of the viral genomic variation and provide valuable information for improved understanding of wave-defining mutations in unfolding the pandemic. IMPORTANCE Multiple waves of infection were observed in many states in India during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID19) pandemic. Fine-scale evolution of major SARS-CoV-2 lineages and sublineages during four wave-window categories: Pre-Wave 1, Wave 1, Pre-Wave 2, and Wave 2 in four major states of India: Delhi (North), Maharashtra (West), Karnataka (South), and West Bengal (East) was studied using large-scale virus genome sequencing data. Our comprehensive analysis reveals contrasting molecular profiles of the wave-defining mutations and their implications in host miRNA binding/unbinding of the lineages in the major states of India.
摘要：
在严重急性呼吸道综合症冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）的大流行中，病毒变体的进化及其对病毒传播的影响已成为相当重要的领域。我们分析了西孟加拉邦大流行不同阶段的病毒变体，印度的一个州，在地理上很重要，并将这些变体与德里等其他州进行了比较，马哈拉施特拉邦,和卡纳塔克邦,位于该国其他地区。我们已经在3,198个SARS-CoV-2基因组中确定了57个pango谱系，改变它们的分布，以及不同状态下不同波的氨基酸突变动力学对比。还研究了Delta（B.1.617.2）亚谱系的演变特征以及由这些突变引起的病毒蛋白疏水性谱的改变。此外,突出了预测性宿主miRNA与新出现的尖峰或核衣壳突变结合/解结合的含义。我们的结果为病毒基因组变异的有趣方面提供了相当大的启示，并为在大流行的展开中更好地理解波定义突变提供了有价值的信息。重要性在2019年冠状病毒病（COVID19）大流行期间，印度许多州都观察到多波感染。在四个波窗口类别中，主要SARS-CoV-2谱系和子谱系的精细演变：印度四个主要州的第1波，第1波，第2波和第2波：德里（北部），马哈拉施特拉邦（西），卡纳塔克邦（南部），使用大规模病毒基因组测序数据研究了西孟加拉邦（东部）。我们的综合分析揭示了波定义突变的对比分子谱及其在印度主要州的宿主miRNA结合/解开谱系中的意义。
