Abstract：
Ammonia (NH3) is a typical pollutant in the atmosphere and is well known for its harmful effects on plants, animals as well as human health. Previous studies have shown that NH3 exposure can cause damage to immune organs and impaired immune function in animals. Selenomethionine is a kind of organic selenium, which can not only promote the growth and development of the body, but also inhibit the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), and effectively improve the immune function of the body. Therefore, this study evaluated the toxic effect of NH3 exposure on spleen from a new perspective and investigated the protective effect of selenomethionine on ammonia-induced immunotoxicity. Twenty-four Large White*Duroc*Min pigs were randomly assigned to 4 groups: control group, NH3 group, selenium group, and NH3 + selenium group. Our results showed that NH3 inhalation caused autophagy in the pig spleen, a decrease in lymphocytes, and an increase in autophagic vesicles. Also, NH3 exposure led to a decrease in the activity of some antioxidant enzymes (decreased by about 50%) and a significant increase in the expression of genes related to oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). Our results indicated that selenomethionine mitigated ammonia toxicity in pigs (alleviated about 20-55%). In summary, our findings should be of value in providing a theoretical basis for revealing the toxicity of the high-risk gas NH3, and providing a new perspective on the mechanism of Se against toxic substances.
摘要：
氨（NH3）是大气中的典型污染物，以其对植物的有害影响而闻名。动物以及人类健康。先前的研究表明，NH3暴露会导致动物的免疫器官受损和免疫功能受损。硒蛋氨酸是一种有机硒，这不仅可以促进身体的生长发育，而且还抑制细胞内活性氧（ROS）的产生，并有效提高机体的免疫功能。因此,本研究从新的角度评估了NH3暴露对脾脏的毒性作用，并研究了硒代蛋氨酸对氨诱导的免疫毒性的保护作用。将24头大白*Duroc*Min猪随机分为4组：对照组，NH3组,硒组,和NH3+硒组。我们的结果表明，吸入NH3会引起猪脾脏中的自噬，淋巴细胞减少，和自噬囊泡的增加。此外，NH3暴露导致某些抗氧化酶的活性降低（降低约50％），并且与氧化应激和内质网应激（ERS）相关的基因表达显着增加。我们的结果表明，硒代蛋氨酸减轻了猪的氨毒性（减轻了约20-55％）。总之,我们的发现对于揭示高风险气体NH3的毒性提供了理论依据，并为硒对有毒物质的作用机理提供了新的视角。
