Abstract：
The clinical utility of ophthalmic pilocarpine-induced pupil constriction to help overcome image blur of close-up targets in patients with failing accommodation is examined.Pilocarpine in low-concentration ophthalmic solution eye drops constricts the pupil to approximately 2 mm and thus reduces defocus blur. To gain regulatory approval of this drug for the treatment of presbyopia, clinical trials were conducted with 1.25% pilocarpine. Near vision was improved in a modest proportion of early presbyopes: between 12 and 22% more patients reached criterion near visual acuity than with a placebo, depending on conditions. The drug is well tolerated, and its effect has onset of only minutes and lasts several hours. Small pupils will cause diminished night vision and may have an impact on distance acuity to which possible minor drug-induced accommodative spasms could contribute. The therapy has a role for patients who want to postpone or briefly pause dioptric supplementation of their failing accommodation. No convincing case has been made for one version of ophthalmic pilocarpine over another.
摘要：
检查了眼科毛果芸香碱引起的瞳孔收缩有助于克服调节失败的患者的特写目标的图像模糊的临床实用性。低浓度眼药水滴眼液中的毛果芸香碱可将瞳孔缩小至约2mm，从而减少散焦模糊。为了获得该药物用于治疗老花眼的监管批准，临床试验采用1.25%毛果芸香碱.在适度比例的早期老年期患者中，近视力得到改善：与安慰剂组相比，达到近视力标准的患者多12％至22％，取决于条件。这种药物耐受性良好，它的效果只有几分钟的时间，持续几个小时。小瞳孔会导致夜视功能减弱，并可能对远距离视敏度产生影响，而药物引起的轻微调节痉挛可能会造成这种影响。该疗法对于想要推迟或短暂暂停屈光补充其失败的调节的患者具有作用。一种版本的眼科毛果芸香碱没有令人信服的案例。
