Abstract：
COVID-19, a novel coronavirus disease, has provoked a variety of health and safety concerns, and socioeconomic challenges around the globe. The laboratory diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 was quickly established utilizing nucleic acid amplification techniques (NAAT) after the disease causing virus has been identified, and its genetic sequence has been determined. In addition to NAAT, serological tests based on antibodies testing against SARS-CoV-2 were introduced for diagnostic and epidemiologic studies. Other biochemical investigations include monitoring of peripheral blood cells count, platelets/lymphocyte ratio, coagulation profile, cardiac, and inflammatory markers such as cytokines storm are also crucial in combating COVID-19 pandemic. Further, accurate and reliable laboratory results for SARS-CoV-2 play very important role in the initiation of early treatment and timely management of COVID-19 patients, provide support in clinical decision-making process to control infection, and detection of asymptomatic cases. The Task Force on Coronavirus-19 constituted by International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IFCC) has recognized informational framework for epidemiology, pathogenesis, and recommended the PCR-based analysis, serological and biochemical assays for analysis, monitoring, and management of disease. This literature review provides an overview of the currently used diagnostic techniques in clinical laboratories for the diagnosis, treatment monitoring, and management of COVID-19 patients. We concluded that each assays differ in their performance characteristics and the utilization of multiple techniques is necessary for the accurate diagnosis and management of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
摘要：
COVID-19，一种新型冠状病毒病，引发了各种健康和安全问题，以及全球的社会经济挑战。在确定了致病病毒后，利用核酸扩增技术（NAAT）迅速建立了SARS-CoV-2的实验室诊断，其遗传序列已经确定。除了NAAT,引入了基于SARS-CoV-2抗体测试的血清学测试，用于诊断和流行病学研究。其他生化检查包括监测外周血细胞计数，血小板/淋巴细胞比率，凝血曲线,心脏,和细胞因子风暴等炎症标志物在抗击COVID-19大流行方面也至关重要。Further,SARS-CoV-2的准确可靠的实验室检查结果对于COVID-19患者的早期治疗和及时管理具有非常重要的作用，在控制感染的临床决策过程中提供支持，并发现无症状病例。由国际临床化学和实验室医学联合会（IFCC）组成的冠状病毒-19工作组已获得公认的流行病学信息框架，发病机制，并推荐了基于PCR的分析，血清学和生化分析，监测,和疾病的管理。这篇文献综述概述了临床实验室目前使用的诊断技术，治疗监测,和COVID-19患者的管理。我们得出的结论是，每种测定法的性能特征都不同，并且使用多种技术对于准确诊断和管理SARS-CoV-2感染是必要的。
