Abstract：
MicroRNAs are a set of small non-coding RNAs that could change gene expression with post-transcriptional regulation. MiRNAs have a significant role in regulating molecular signaling pathways and innate and adaptive immune system activity. Moreover, miRNAs can be utilized as a powerful instrument for tissue engineers and regenerative medicine by altering the expression of genes and growth factors. MiR-1290, which was first discovered in human embryonic stem cells, is one of those miRNAs that play an essential role in developing the fetal nervous system. This review aims to discuss current findings on miR-1290 in different human pathologies and determine whether manipulation of miR-1290 could be considered a possible therapeutic strategy to treat different non-malignant diseases. The results of these studies suggest that the regulation of miR-1290 may be helpful in the treatment of some bacterial (leprosy) and viral infections (HIV, influenza A, and Borna disease virus). Also, adjusting the expression of miR-1290 in non-infectious diseases such as celiac disease, necrotizing enterocolitis, polycystic ovary syndrome, pulmonary fibrosis, ankylosing spondylitis, muscle atrophy, sarcopenia, and ischemic heart disease can help to treat these diseases better. In addition to acting as a biomarker for the diagnosis of non-malignant diseases (such as NAFLD, fetal growth, preeclampsia, down syndrome, chronic rhinosinusitis, and oral lichen planus), the miR-1290 can also be used as a valuable instrument in tissue engineering and reconstructive medicine. Consequently, it is suggested that the regulation of miR-1290 could be considered a possible therapeutic target in the treatment of non-malignant diseases in the future.
摘要：
MicroRNA是一组小的非编码RNA，可以通过转录后调节改变基因表达。miRNAs在调节分子信号通路和先天和适应性免疫系统活性方面具有重要作用。此外，通过改变基因和生长因子的表达，miRNA可以用作组织工程师和再生医学的强大工具。MiR-1290首先在人类胚胎干细胞中发现,是在胎儿神经系统发育中起重要作用的miRNAs之一。这篇综述旨在讨论miR-1290在不同人类病理中的最新发现，并确定miR-1290的操作是否可以被认为是治疗不同非恶性疾病的可能治疗策略。这些研究的结果表明，miR-1290的调节可能有助于治疗一些细菌（麻风病）和病毒感染（HIV，甲型流感,和博尔纳病病毒）。此外，调节miR-1290在乳糜泻等非感染性疾病中的表达，坏死性小肠结肠炎,多囊卵巢综合征,肺纤维化，强直性脊柱炎,肌肉萎缩,少肌症,缺血性心脏病可以帮助更好地治疗这些疾病。除了作为非恶性疾病（如NAFLD，胎儿生长,先兆子痫,唐氏综合症,慢性鼻-鼻窦炎,和口腔扁平苔藓)，miR-1290也可以作为一种有价值的工具用于组织工程和重建医学。因此,因此,miR-1290的调控可能被认为是未来治疗非恶性疾病的一个可能的治疗靶点.
