Abstract：
BACKGROUND: There are more than 1,000 active volcanoes worldwide with inhabitants within 100 km of them. Volcanoes spill several toxic metals and spew pollution through gasses, causing soil and water contamination. The dangerously active volcanoes place the nearby population at risk for volcanic hazards. This review aimed to determine whether people living in these volcanic areas have higher risk of cancer and more attention should be given to this danger.
METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted of PUBMED, Science Direct, SCOPUS, Proquest, and Google Scholar, and from citation searching. We assessed the quality of the studies and extracted the incidence rate of cancer in the volcanic areas compared to non-volcanic areas.
RESULTS: The search identified 360 articles, with 11 studies meeting our selection criteria. The results reported the incidence of cancer in children was predominantly in volcanic areas with girls suffering as much as 1.4 per 100,000 per year. The highest cancer age standardized incidence rates for females, males, and overall calculation in volcanic areas were reported as 31.7/100,000/year in Catania, 10.34/100,000/year in Furnas, and 38.3/100,000/year in Catania-Messina-Enna for thyroid cancer. We observed the increasing incidence of carcinoma for some types of cancer in volcanic areas.
CONCLUSIONS: Cancer incidence in volcanic areas was higher than non-volcanic areas and it is caused by multifactorial conditions. The concentrations of hazardous elements of volcanic products vary among volcanoes and are related to the harmful risk for the inhabitants. The negative effects of volcanic products to human health should be given more consideration.
METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted of PUBMED, Science Direct, SCOPUS, Proquest, and Google Scholar, and from citation searching. We assessed the quality of the studies and extracted the incidence rate of cancer in the volcanic areas compared to non-volcanic areas.
RESULTS: The search identified 360 articles, with 11 studies meeting our selection criteria. The results reported the incidence of cancer in children was predominantly in volcanic areas with girls suffering as much as 1.4 per 100,000 per year. The highest cancer age standardized incidence rates for females, males, and overall calculation in volcanic areas were reported as 31.7/100,000/year in Catania, 10.34/100,000/year in Furnas, and 38.3/100,000/year in Catania-Messina-Enna for thyroid cancer. We observed the increasing incidence of carcinoma for some types of cancer in volcanic areas.
CONCLUSIONS: Cancer incidence in volcanic areas was higher than non-volcanic areas and it is caused by multifactorial conditions. The concentrations of hazardous elements of volcanic products vary among volcanoes and are related to the harmful risk for the inhabitants. The negative effects of volcanic products to human health should be given more consideration.
摘要：
背景：全球有1000多座活火山，居民在100公里以内。火山溢出了几种有毒金属，并通过气体喷出污染，造成土壤和水污染。危险的活火山使附近的人口面临火山危险。这篇综述旨在确定生活在这些火山地区的人是否有更高的癌症风险，应该更多地关注这种危险。
方法：对PUBMED进行了系统的文献检索，科学直接，Scopus,Proquest,和谷歌学者，和引文搜索。我们评估了研究的质量，并提取了与非火山地区相比，火山地区的癌症发病率。
结果：搜索确定了360篇文章，11项研究符合我们的选择标准。结果显示，儿童癌症的发病率主要在火山地区，女孩每年的发病率高达每100,000人中1.4人。女性癌症年龄标准化发病率最高，男性,据报道，卡塔尼亚火山地区的总体计算为31.7/100,000/年，10.34/100,000/年在熔炉中，和38.3/100,000/年在Catania-Messina-Enna治疗甲状腺癌。我们观察到火山地区某些类型癌症的癌症发病率增加。
结论：火山地区的癌症发病率高于非火山地区，这是由多种因素引起的。火山产物中危险元素的浓度因火山而异，与居民的有害风险有关。火山产品对人体健康的负面影响应该得到更多的考虑。
方法：对PUBMED进行了系统的文献检索，科学直接，Scopus,Proquest,和谷歌学者，和引文搜索。我们评估了研究的质量，并提取了与非火山地区相比，火山地区的癌症发病率。
结果：搜索确定了360篇文章，11项研究符合我们的选择标准。结果显示，儿童癌症的发病率主要在火山地区，女孩每年的发病率高达每100,000人中1.4人。女性癌症年龄标准化发病率最高，男性,据报道，卡塔尼亚火山地区的总体计算为31.7/100,000/年，10.34/100,000/年在熔炉中，和38.3/100,000/年在Catania-Messina-Enna治疗甲状腺癌。我们观察到火山地区某些类型癌症的癌症发病率增加。
结论：火山地区的癌症发病率高于非火山地区，这是由多种因素引起的。火山产物中危险元素的浓度因火山而异，与居民的有害风险有关。火山产品对人体健康的负面影响应该得到更多的考虑。
