PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Early weaning of piglets is an important strategy for improving the production efficiency of sows in modern intensive farming systems. However, due to multiple stressors such as physiological, environmental and social challenges, postweaning syndrome in piglets often occurs during early weaning period, and postweaning diarrhea (PWD) is a serious threat to piglet health, resulting in high mortality. Early weaning disrupts the intestinal barrier function of piglets, disturbs the homeostasis of gut microbiota, and destroys the intestinal chemical, mechanical and immunological barriers, which is one of the main causes of PWD in piglets. The traditional method of preventing PWD is to supplement piglet diet with antibiotics. However, the long-term overuse of antibiotics led to bacterial resistance, and antibiotics residues in animal products, threatening human health while causing dysbiosis of gut microbiota and superinfection of piglets. Antibiotic supplementation in livestock diets is prohibited in many countries and regions. Regarding this context, finding antibiotic alternatives to maintain piglet health at the critical weaning period becomes a real emergency. More and more studies showed that probiotics can prevent and treat PWD by regulating the intestinal barriers in recent years. Here, we review the research status of PWD-preventing and treating probiotics and discuss its potential mechanisms from the perspective of intestinal barriers (the intestinal microbial barrier, the intestinal chemical barrier, the intestinal mechanical barrier and the intestinal immunological barrier) in piglets.
摘要：
仔猪早期断奶是现代集约化养殖体系中提高母猪生产效率的重要策略。然而,由于多种压力，如生理，环境和社会挑战，仔猪断奶后综合征常发生在断奶早期,断奶后腹泻(PWD)严重威胁仔猪健康,导致高死亡率。早期断奶破坏仔猪肠道屏障功能,扰乱肠道微生物群的稳态，破坏肠道化学物质，机械和免疫屏障，是仔猪PWD发生的主要原因之一。预防PWD的传统方法是在仔猪日粮中补充抗生素。然而,抗生素的长期过度使用导致细菌耐药性，和动物产品中的抗生素残留，威胁人类健康，同时引起肠道微生物群的生态失调和仔猪的重复感染。许多国家和地区禁止在牲畜饮食中补充抗生素。关于这个背景，寻找抗生素替代品，以维持仔猪的健康在关键的断奶期成为一个真正的紧急情况。近年来越来越多的研究表明，益生菌可以通过调节肠道屏障来预防和治疗PWD。这里,我们综述了PWD防治益生菌的研究现状,并从肠道屏障(肠道微生物屏障,肠道化学屏障，仔猪的肠道机械屏障和肠道免疫屏障)。
