Abstract：
Patients with chronic inflammatory diseases (IBD) of the digestive tract are known to have an increased risk of colorectal cancer. These are usually adenocarcinomas, and the occurrence of malignant mesenchymal tumours, particularly leiomyosarcomas, is exceptional. We report one case in a 40-year-old woman, followed for 9 years for ulcerative colitis. The tumour measured 2cm in length and infiltrated the entire rectal wall as far as the subserosa. It was composed of fusiform cells, with 5 mitoses for 10 fields at ×400 magnification, and expressing actin, desmin and caldesmone under immunohistochemical study. We review the 2 cases of leiomyosarcomas associated with Crohn\'s disease and 3 cases developed during ulcerative colitis published in the literature.
摘要：
已知患有消化道慢性炎性疾病（IBD）的患者患结直肠癌的风险增加。这些通常是腺癌，恶性间质瘤的发生，尤其是平滑肌肉瘤，是例外。我们报告了一个40岁女性的病例,溃疡性结肠炎随访9年。肿瘤长2cm，浸润整个直肠壁直至浆膜下。它由梭形细胞组成，在×400的放大率下对10场进行5个核分裂，表达肌动蛋白，免疫组织化学研究中的结蛋白和卡尔德激素。我们回顾了文献中发表的2例与克罗恩病相关的平滑肌肉瘤和3例发生在溃疡性结肠炎期间的病例。
