Abstract：
The modification of an easily available resource like paper to circumvent expensive or intensive sample pretreatment could be the answer to sample analysis in resource-poor regions. Therefore, a novel on-paper device combining sample collection with affinity sample pretreatment is introduced here. Universal smart affinity samplers are produced by a simple KIO4-mediated oxidation of cellulose, which functionalizes the paper. This is followed by immobilization of streptavidin. Streptavidin serves as a universal anchor for biotinylated antibodies, enabling simple preparation of tailor-made affinity samplers. The functionality of the device was tested using a model protein (human chorionic gonadotropin, hCG) and biotinylated anti-hCG antibodies for affinity capture. In a laboratory setting, the performance was demonstrated, and a 14-fold increase of target binding compared to binding without bmAb was achieved. The recovery of hCG captured with bmAb-treated samplers was determined to be 33% and comparable to previously described affinity capture approaches. Application of the smart affinity samplers to human serum containing hCG showed an R2 of 0.98 (200-1000 pg mL-1), precision of ≤ 9.1% RSD, and estimated limit of detection of 65 pg mL-1. Although further optimization and validation are necessary prior to application to real samples in clinical settings, the potential of the device for use in determination of low abundant biomarkers in complex samples has been demonstrated.
摘要：
修改纸张等易于获得的资源以规避昂贵或密集的样品预处理可能是资源贫乏地区样品分析的答案。因此,介绍了一种将样品采集与亲和样品预处理相结合的新型纸上装置。通用智能亲和采样器是通过简单的KIO4介导的纤维素氧化产生的，使纸张功能化。随后是链霉亲和素的固定化。链霉亲和素作为生物素化抗体的通用锚，能够简单地制备量身定制的亲和采样器。使用模型蛋白（人绒毛膜促性腺激素，hCG）和生物素化的抗hCG抗体用于亲和捕获。在实验室环境中，表演得到了证明，并且与没有bmAb的结合相比,实现了靶结合的14倍增加。用bmAb处理的采样器捕获的hCG的回收率被确定为33%并且与先前描述的亲和捕获方法相当。将智能亲和采样器应用于含有hCG的人血清显示R2为0.98（200-1000pgmL-1），精度≤9.1%RSD,估计检出限为65pgmL-1。尽管在临床环境中应用于真实样本之前需要进一步优化和验证，该装置用于测定复杂样品中低丰度生物标志物的潜力已得到证实.
